9 6 



Northward the rock drops sheer for about 30 feet 

 (9.1 m.) and great open joints are preparing the way for 

 further recession of the front of the formation. In one 

 place, a pinnacle of rock has been undermined and has 

 tilted away from its original place, forming what is locally 

 known as the "Devil's Needle". East of this point, a 

 descent may be made, and the coral reef and underlying 

 strata may be studied in section. A thickness of 40 feet 

 (12.2 m.) in all is exposed along the cliff front. The upper 

 12 feet (3.6 m.) of strata are, in places, decidedly massive, 

 the next 3 or 4 feet (.9 or 1.2 m.) are thin-bedded, and 

 below these again the formation is massive. Few fossil 

 remains appear on the edges of the strata. 



A general prospect of Manitowaning bay and the 

 surrounding country may be obtained from this cliff. The 

 pole tripod to the north of the main road marks the location 

 of a drill hole which taps the Trenton at a depth of about 

 440 feet (134 m.) and always contains some oil. Three 

 other wells were drilled nearby, one to the west being 566 

 feet (172.5 m.) in depth. 



From the Devil's Needle, a path leads easterly across 

 partly-wooded pasture land to flat fields with much exposed 

 rock. Some time may be profitably spent here collecting 

 fossils. Nearly all the brachiopods and most of the corals 

 common in the Cataract formation occur at this locality. 

 It was from South bay that the type specimens of Apiocy- 

 stiles tecumseth, Billings, were obtained. The species is 

 to be found at this locality. Continuing eastward the 

 edge of the dolomite is soon reached and nearby is a small 

 bryozoan reef, easily located by its outcrop, a mound of 

 massive rock. The reef extends about 100 feet (30 m.) 

 along the edge of the cliff, and is probably 20 feet (6 m.) 

 thick at its centre. Its relation to the regularly bedded 

 strata may be seen from the top of the cliff. Small ramose 

 bryozoa, together with a small branching coral, appear to 

 have been the reef builders. Small growths of Favosites 

 and little cup corals lived about the reefs, as did also some 

 brachiopods, e.g. Platystrophia biforata. About 0-05 

 mile farther south, a still larger reef occurs. An oppor- 

 tunity for examining a good section of this repays one for 

 the trouble of climbing down over the edge of the beds 

 among the loose rocks. Massive rock from 12 to 20 feet 

 (3.6 to 6 m.) thick interfingers at its edges with bedded 

 rock, and some of the underlying strata are flexed down- 



