MAMMALIA. 



9 



fourth molar. The little premolar situated just behind the canine in all living 

 Bears except the Grisly, is always wanting ; and the animal probably had but 

 thirty teeth in all. The Brown Bear approaches nearest to the gigantic fossil in 

 the peculiar serpentine line of the profile, and the Black Bear, in the cranial 

 crests. This specimen was found in that great depository of osseous remains — 

 the cave of Gailenreuth, Bavaria, and is preserved in the Museum of the Garden 

 of Plants. Size, 20x13. Price, $6.50. 



No. 17. Ursus spelasus, Blum. 



Pair of Molars. Original in the Ward Museum, Univer 

 sity of Rochester. Price, $0.30, 



No. 18. Ursus spelasnSj Blum. 



Canine. Original in the Ward Museum, Uni- 

 versity of Rochester. Price, $0.40 



No. 19. G-ulo spelseus, Goldfuss. 



Skull and Lower Jaw. The molars 

 of this Glutton number five above and 

 six below, and have cutting edges. The up- 

 per carnassial tooth has a very small talon. 

 and only one tubercle. The zygomatic 

 arch is slender and not very prominent. 

 The original specimen was found by | 

 Soemmerring in the Cave of Gailenreuth, 

 Bavaria, and is now in the University 

 Museum at Bonn. Size, 6x4. Price, $2.00. 



Order 4 — Rodentia. 



This Order contains the smallest of the Mammals, and the largest 

 number of species. It is characterized by two long, incurved, rootless 

 incisors in each jaw, enammelled only in front, and separated by a wide 

 space from the molars. The molars have flat crowns with transverse 

 enamelled ridges. The hind legs are generally much longer than the 

 anterior pair ; and excepting the Guinea Pig, Porcupine, Hare and 

 Capybara, all have perfect clavicles. The skeleton is slight and feeble. 

 The Beaver and Capybara are now the giants of the Order ; but the 

 Muridse are the typical family. 



No unequivocal evidence has yet been obtained of remains of Rodents 

 in strata more ancient than the Eocene Tertiary. The fossils are chiefly 

 found in lacustrine marls (Miocene), Pleistocene formations, and bone- 

 caves. 



