260 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



$te?l §it1ttqe. 



This Journal Is the Official Organ of the Fish Cultur- 

 ists' Association. 



Fish Cut.tuhe wrrn Pitoprr.— We have printed several 

 letters from correspondents showing a quite varied expe- 

 rience in their attempts to 'propagate fish by artificial pro- 

 cesses. The question whether fish culture can be made 

 profitable is an economic one of no little importance, and 

 no one appreciates the fact, more [sensibly than the recog- 

 nized Pioneer of lish culture, Beth Green, Esq. The tra- 

 ining: elforts thai he has devoted to this new branch of 

 industry, and the enthusiasm with which he has entered 

 tato its prosecution from the start, render its solution (if 

 the result still bo problematical) a matter of no little 

 anxiety to himself. The persistency with which he de- 

 mands that the experience of practical experimenters shall 

 lie given for the benefit of others who stand ready to cn- 



i: g in ihc business, is something to praise. Mr. Green 

 dues not. believe in concealing failures. lie argues that ob- 

 stacles should not be concealed, but be left uncovered, that 

 they may be avoided. The spirit of the subjoined note is 

 to be admired, while its frankness and general tenor arc 

 characteristic of the writer. It was provoked, it will be 

 seen, by a note received from a fish culturist who was dis- 

 appointed at failure. This uote runs as follows: — 



Zeuknovlu, Butler county, l'a., Nov. IS, 1ST!. 

 S. Gkekn, Esq.: 



i — My experience intront raising Bright, if published, deter 



other* In 



I. ■ : .g:l.-h were destroyed bj tin 



ih..- batching box - ■ b .... toagb - 



and a close titling ula™ on top. 1 r 

 troiitleLB, and nicked ull out or the gn 

 the yomlg li-U died. My ponds, tlion 

 yost, 78°, and the other 70° and «»- 

 lOOeAOh black buss and sunlish, mliilh 

 telf ' o those sorts. Respectfully y 

 }lr. Green enclosed thi 



The cgee hatched well enough, but 

 asanas of laeohea, wMch got into 



.•Hied with flue flannel on the ends 

 ■pealedly pulled the leeches off the 

 veil Could find; but in the end all 

 ;k7 to 8 feet deep, stand, the livr- 

 ,oo warm for trout. 1 have about 

 , for breeders, and will confine niy- 

 rs, Altos Lchk. 



note to us and writes:— 



KociiESTEH, Nov. 23, 1874. 



BplTOIl FoltEST 4KB STREAM.— 



i sent Mr. Lusk seme salmon trout spawn, and requested him to pub- 

 lish bissuceess, wholk...r it was good or bad. in hatching and raising the 

 young, llewrilcsruuthut.liedi.es not wish to publish bis success for 

 fear of deterring others from experimenting. That is where he is mis- 

 taken, I wish it published, so that others may see his mistake, I see 

 by Ills letter that his water is not Suitable for any of the salmon or trout 

 family, if all the failures were published it would be of more real ben- 

 efit to tile country than to publish all successes. Nearly all water- are 

 suitable for some kinds of lish, and the 'great secret is in stocking fair 

 waters with ftsh. suitable for mem. You might, as well undertake to 

 make sheep live in water, as to make fish live in water not Suitable for 

 them, and expect them to thrive. Yours, Setu Green. 



« i> 



Salmon in THE Seine.— The lust number of La Chasse 

 contains a letter on the salmon frequenting the 

 Seine. The writer, H. De La Blanehere, is probably the 

 mosl thoroughly informed person in France on the subject, 

 so his opinions are entitled to consideration. He says that 

 the salmon enter the Seine towards the early portion of 

 Spring, and not only that, but the l'Yonne, in the vicinity 

 of Joigny, the older fish being at the head of each school, 

 and I be younger in the roar. The fact that the salmon en- 

 ter these rivers for the purpose of spawning causes him to 

 assume, thai if the fish were to become abundant some 

 means she-old be adopted to let hemt into the upper basiu by 

 giviug them means of ingress from the lower to the higher 

 portion of the river. TJifl fact that this fine species of the 

 iclhye fauna is not found in canals and kindred places he 

 attributes to its love for rapid waters, which are more pure 

 than the tranquil, lie does not make any definite estimate 

 of the number of salmon seeking the upper waters of the 

 Seine, but presumes it to be very large; yet he thinks some 

 special effort should be made lo introduce it into all the 

 larger streams and their affluents that have any connection 

 willi the sea, From present appearances, it seems that 

 France is much interested in fish culture, and takes as 

 much pains lo restock her ponds and rivers as any country 

 in the world. ^ 



Rf-POiit of the Fisn Commissioneus of the State 

 oi' Vkiimom ion 181^-71— In Vermont there are no less 

 than 77, 3 1.1 acres of superficial water, made up of lakes 

 and ponds of fifty acres and upward. So far all this avail- 

 able water has been left to the original fish— the pickerel, 

 sunfish, sucker, and dace— the labors of the commissioners 

 havincr been mainly directed within the last two years lo 

 stocking the rivers of the Slate with the auadromous fishes, 

 shad and salmon, and under the care of these energetic 

 gentlemen quite a stock of these lis), have been introduced 

 into Che various rivers and streams of Vermont. In De- 

 ri 35,000 California salmon [Balm 

 the Mtssiqnoi Fiver, ami in May 

 it year some 100,000 young fry of 

 laced in other streams. The four 



i, Vermont, Massachusetts, and Uon- 



iieet'icut'ln'ing cqually'inlere.sted in the lish products of 

 the Connecticut Kiver, the commissioners ol fisheries ol 

 these Stales agreed to make 1 



feasibility of restocking the 

 land with fish, and the inlr 

 Connecticut River will be cor 

 by all the Stales. At present 



ci'iiiher of 1878, so 

 QUiiiiuti) were put in 

 and Juno Of the prct 



,■ . ,.,.,, :<,<!tii- were 

 Slates, New Harnpsll 



river the test one as lo the 

 I rivers Of New Fng- 

 of salmon into the 



preca 



prote 



En] 



Q u 



icd foi 



Mieihing over a million of 

 Should, then, the proper 

 ions be used, such as ol* constructing lish Ways and 

 no- the lish, there is no reason to suppose that sal- 

 II "n.".t lie as plentiful in time to come in the "New 

 I rivers as they are to-day in the Scotch streams. 

 of years must elapse before the salmon, 



grown to proper size, ready to reproduce its kind, will re- 

 turn to the rivers where they were first placed. The whole 

 ol the young fish were obtained from the salmon eggs pro- 

 duced at, I he Fueksporl, Salmon-breeding YVoiks in Maine. 

 The point of economy in procuring eggs from the works in 



Maine is shown by the fact that, while $40 in gold was paid 

 per 1,000 for Canadian eggs, they are now bought from the 

 Bucksport, works at, $.*>, currency, per 1,000. Through tho 

 aid of the United States Commissioner, some', 1,176,000 

 young shad have been placed in Vermont. This experi- 

 ment is a most interesting one in regard to stocking inte- 

 rior waters with shad, that is in those "streams which empty 

 into lakes and not into the sea. . It is an endeavor made to 

 change the. migratory instincts of this particular fish, and 

 an attempt to confine it to rivers and lakes. Messrs. Ed- 

 munds and Goldsmith stale thai this Summer large schools 

 of young shad were seen in Lake Champlain, confirming 

 Mr. Seth Green's theory that shad might be taught to find 

 their food in the deep waters of our lakes and become per- 

 manent. 



<■♦ 



STATISTICS OF THE 1>EA1U. OYSTER. FISIIEISIKS ON THE 

 COAST OF THE CAY OF COUTES, IN THF. GUT.F OF 



CALIFORNIA, from the exh OF makcii 

 TO THE 1ST DAY OF NOVEM- 

 BER, 1873. 



[From the Buhlin de la Stirudad de Qenqrafui, y /'Jx/adis/tea, 3d. 

 series, Vol. 1, Was. 10 and U. Model). 1873.] 



ffSSSBSS 



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Uin 



3 Si S3 



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REMARKS. 



Messrs. Bossi and Clark have fished with eleven ma- 

 chines in tw^o vessels, one an American and the oilier an 

 Italian. 



Messrs. Gonzalez and "Roffo have fished with two ma- 

 chines and fifty divers. 



Hidalgo Bros, have worked with one machine and WO 



Mr. D. Geronimo Gibert fishes only during two months 

 with one machine. 



Air. A. Brand fishes with one machine, Hut on account ol 

 want of knowledge of the trade, and by not employing in- 

 telligent divers, he has suspended work without obtaining 



The fishers of Mulege have not yet made their report, 

 although they have been asked for ii repeatedly. 



All If le pearls have been bought !>v I>- Julio Huckster, 

 with the exception of a very small quantity which m the 

 beginning of the season were sent to Europe by Hidalgo 

 Bros., and whose value is estimated at $8,500, 



The shells have hitherto been bought at the rate of 

 $10 50 the quintal by Mr. Lehinann, who for that purpose 

 was sent from Fails, with the exception of those ol Messrs. 

 Boss! and Clark, and Messrs. Gonzalez and Huil'o, who 

 have sold the best quality at $ 10 87 the quintal, and shipped 



nt. 



A number of small fisheries have been carried on by pri- 

 vate individuals, but all of them have either worked lor 

 oue of the firms mentioned in the table given above, or at 

 least have sold the produce, and this has been included in 

 the sums given in the table, for which reason the names of 

 the persons are not mentioned. 



La Paz. E. Dayalos. 



Manuel de Zelayeta, Secretary. 



. ■♦«*■ ■ 



—It is proposed to ship live fish from this country to 

 England by means of portable aquariums ou the steamers, 

 other modes having generally failed. 



Massachusetts Anglers' Association.— This associa- 

 tion met Tuesday evening last at their rooms iu Boston, 

 President Ordway in the chair. After the transaction of 

 the regular routine business, a large number of names were 

 proposed for membership, among whom were the Hon. T. 

 ,T. Field, of Northfield; Hon. John Quincy Adams, and 

 Benj. P. "Ware, Esq. The Committee on the Protection of 

 Fisheries made a partial report. Among the communica- 

 tions was a letter from Mr. Ware, in which he spoke of the 

 results in improving our fisheries that had been accom- 

 plished by protection, ne stated that — 



"Smells, which were becoming quite scarce, have this 

 Fall been very abundant. In Swampscott, where smelts 

 have in previous years been almost unknown, they have 

 been taken this Fall in great numbers, many of them weigh- 

 ing half a wound each. This change is doubtless dne to 

 the legislative acts passed in relation to the catching of 

 smelts. The law passed in relation to lobster fishing will, 

 wit.li a little more care in ils detail, do very much toward 

 preserving that delicacy, which was rapidly disappearing 

 from our coast by indiscriminate catching. I can remem- 

 ber when lobsters could be picked up by the dozen from 

 under the rocks along our shore, at running tides; but now 

 it. requires a half dozen traps to supply one table. Al- 

 low, me to suggest, for your future action, that the sys- 

 tem'of trawling for cod a'nd haddock destroys daily thou- 

 sands of small, good for nothing fish. The spawn of had- 

 dock has lately become of considerable value for sardine 

 bail. For this purpose it is salted, and shipped by the 

 cargo to France. This makes an additional inducement 

 fcr tSLkms haddock in large numbers during April and 

 May, their spawning season. This system of trawling was 

 introduced by foreign fishermen, sailing out of Boston, and 

 has since been adopted by Swampscott and other bay fish- 

 ermen, in order to compete with the first named. I would 

 also call your attention to the present method of catching 

 mackerel with seines, by which hundreds of barrels are 

 sometimes taken at oue haul, and this during the spawning- 

 season, when the fish are of comparatively little value." 



This Massachusetts Anglers' Association is accomplish- 

 ing a great deal of good in a practical and unostentatious 



Wa * -*.- 



—The Auburn Advertiser of late date, says:— 

 "Latterly quite a strict surveillance over the w T aters of 



Owasco Lake audits tributaries has been maintained by 



game constables and specially appointed offiears, to detect. 



ft' possible, the unscrupulous pirates and violators "' 



game laws wli 



of tin 



_ itly pillage the lake by spearing and 

 iiettinc. This has "been attended with considerable ex- 

 pense mid trouble, which has been borne entirely by a few 

 On Saturday evening last their ef- 

 ith success. Between eleven and 

 able John Theurer, of Aubun 



i of Jack 

 meceeded 



tries H. 



lighbor- 



Idents of Aubu 

 forts were crown 

 twelve o'clock gar 



and an individual bearing the singular cognoir 

 Fiost, -u ho have been on the alert for some lime, si 

 in apprehending George E. Brinkerhoff and Ch 

 Allen, who were discovered spearing trout in the n 

 hood of Erin kerholT's Point, about six miles up tue laue. 

 Both of the spearers were taken into custody, conveyed to 

 the police office, and promptly fined $100 each by Police 

 Justice Sisson, which was as promptly paid in both in- 

 stances. They succeeded in spearing eight fine trout, and 

 the. amount of their respective lines aggregated sje.'.i apiece 

 for the fish. By the provisions of the law one half the 

 above fine is awarded to the person making the arrest, and 

 tile residue to the commissioners of fisheries of the Slate 

 Of New York." 



The leading citizens of Auburn have petitioned the com- 

 missioners to" rebate the share of the fine ($100) paid to 

 them, that the same maybe expended by the Mayor in 

 stocking Owasco Lake with la ke trout and bass. 



HOW TO RAISE TROUT. 



EniTon Fours' 

 1 noticed in y 

 Kent, of lialrin 

 were dying, mid 

 letters tusking i"i 



Caledonia, N. Y. November, IS i. 

 coles since a note from Mr. Alexandci 



the brook trout I 



iiinlain them in good health. W r e buve never ye.t lost at 

 nit the ilue proportion offish. Bnt the loss DAS been 

 knowledge of the habits of the Osn. and oy unceasing 



■s there is a certain death rate of the population, wliicli 



by year within slight limits. That, is, we may expect in 

 I'mv that -i) in my people out of one thousand will die ill 



limine loss of lish. I should be disposed to al.lributi; 

 proper food or feeding, ubiety-live to insufficient 

 i to. all other causes'. 



i„itliei- a tish nor anv other animal will eat improper 

 ' i"'p '""!"ti'i"ut w c-irniverous and any kind of llei-h will do for 

 food! iribeyeat it, take it greedily, and got M «PO» ib |l |- l'^r 



food Auv one used to fish can tell in live til mis wlielhcr the trout ON 



Knaei-v or "not If the trout are not sized off properly, but lai-e ones 

 then the. big trout will drive away the small ones 



udi-ed e 

 four to i 



Supply, 



CC|.t V 



ten, the trottt are 

 show a dispiopo 



,1 fed I 





e fed only 



f head. 



.0 np- 



I de- 



It should 



day, and the 

 crease in weight should be the ahum lot increased care 

 food ought to he chopped flue, aud not in si rings or en 

 be given often and to repletion, that the large and well, being gorgiu, 

 may allow the small and weak a chance to make a good meal. 



rar more often Ike urnl..- io, ? i= "*mg M.i.ii ..'. = ..'h.-„c. -V-, ■;' 

 water, or rather, to an insufficient supply of air. "Persons making ponus 

 forget, first, that the volume of water furnished by a spring is never so 

 larce in the Summer or early Fall as in the Spring of the year; and sec- 

 ond that even if the volume should be the same, the quantity or air 

 held [in anv iven flow of water in Summer is very much less than that 

 held in the same flow in Winter, For a familiar illustration, it Is ft well 



