2 Contributions from the Gray Herbarium 
et Harpalium in unicum genus congreganda, sed certe inter se 
potius quam Heliantho affinia.”” Viguiera, with 13 species, was 
divided into two groups separated by the nature of the receptacle. 
All six species of his first section and three of his second are, how- 
ever, identical, as long ago suggested by Dr. Gray, with the species 
generally known as Viguiera helianthoides HBK., the proper name 
for which as a species is V. dentata (Cav.) Spreng., the Cuban 
form (true V. helianthoides) being only varietally separable. Of 
Leighia 18 species were recognized. Of these only six (one of 
which was described under four names) are really referable to 
Viguiera, the others belonging to Aspilia, Helianthus, and Tithonta. 
Harpalium was divided into two sections, the only species addi- 
tional to the three recognized by Cassini being H. ? sericeum, a 
Peruvian plant which proves to be identical with the species on 
which I have recently based the new genus Syncretocarpus.' Two 
species now universally referred to Viguiera were also given under 
the closely allied genus Tithonia. 
In 1848 Gardner,’ uniting Harpalium, Leighia, and Vigwera 
under the last name, distinguished the genus so formed from Helt- 
anthus “only... by the squamellae which exist between the 
awns of the pappus.” Four sections, Euviguiera, Leighia, Harpa- 
lizia, and Harpalium, were distinguished by features of involucre 
and pappus. The three latter names were misapplied by Gardner, 
however, and all the true Viguieras he describes belong to a single 
section (Paradosa) of the subgenus Calanticaria as here taken, be- _ 
ing distinguished by characters of only minor importance. Of the 
17 new species from Brazil described by Gardner only 7 are good 
species of Viguiera, the others being referable to Aspilia and 
Oyedaea. Between this date and 1873 various new species were 
described by Gray, Schultz Bipontinus, and Bentham, but no 
notes of broader scope were published on the genus. 
In the Genera Plantarum of Bentham and Hooker * the genus 
Viguiera, including Leighia Cass., Harpalium DC. not Cass., and 
Bahiopsis Kellogg, was placed between Tithonia and Helianthus, 
and distinguished from the former chiefly by features of habit and 
fruiting peduncle, from the latter by the presence of squamellae in 
1 ee Bot. Jahrb. liv. Beibl. No. 119. 49 (1916). See under V. sericea, 
"2 Gardn. Lond. Journ. Bot. vii. 395-404 (1848). 
3 Benth. & Hook. Gen. PI. ii. 375 (1873). 
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