44 Contributions from the Gray Herbarium 
ll. Lower leaves not reduced, mm. 
m entire. .84. V. truzillensis. 
mm. Leaves dentate or serrate. 
ves 7.5-11 cm. long, venose 
eneath ....92. V. pazensis. 
Leaves 3.3-6.5 cm. long, not 
veiny beneath. 
93. V. Pflanzit. 
VII. Systematic DEscRIPTIONS 
VIGUIERA HBK.! 
Heads heterogamous (in one species homogamous and discoid), 
the rays neutral, the disk-flowers sterile. Involucre subcampanu- 
late to subeylindric, 2-7-seriate, graduated or subequal, the 
phyllaries usually lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, sometimes linear 
to oval or oblong, with usually indurated and ribbed base and 
herbaceous apex, sometimes herbaceous or indurated throughout, 
or the inner sometimes membranaceous or membranaceous- 
chartaceous at apex. Receptacle flattish to low-conical, usually 
convex; pales firm, scarious or at apex subherbaceous, carinate, 
embracing the achenes and persistent after the fall of the latter. 
Corollas of ray 5-32, ligulate, usually 2-3-denticulate at apex; of 
disk with short tube, longer throat, and 5-toothed limb. Anthers 
sagittate or cordate-sagittate at base, with ovate appendages. 
Style-branches rather long and more or less recurved, hispid above, 
with acutish to acuminate sterile appendages. Achenes of the 
ray sterile; of disk fertile, more or less thickened, often subquad- 
rangular, usually appressed-pubescent, unmargined except for the 
obscure carpopod at base, truncate or rounded at apex. Pappus 
of ray-achenes of 2-3 paleaceous awns or squamellae, or none; 
of disk-achenes of two awns and several shorter free or united 
squamellae, or sometimes entirely wanting. — Perennial herbs or 
shrubs, sometimes annuals; leaves opposite at least below, usually 
ovate or lanceolate and merely dentate, but varying from linear to 
oval or suborbicular, and from entire to pinnate-lobed; heads small 
to large, almost always yellow, rarely with purple (or white) rays, 
or purple disk.— Type species V. helianthoides HBK. (= 7. 
dentata (Cav.) Spreng? var. helianthoides (HBK.) Blake). 
: toe ; ae 
= British, Museum, “Berm Royal erbarkan seen ee weed: BM. 
barium; K. = Kew Herbarium 0. = Herb. Missouri Botanical Garden; 
Par. = Museum d’Histoire Natevelia Paris: Prod. = 
Geneva; U.S. = United States National Herbarium. es Beta 
