80 Contributions from the Gray Herbarium 
saepe mediocribus, involucri 2-3-seriati phyllariis infra ovatis vel 
oblongo-ovatis valde induratis costatis et vittatis supra abrupte 
angustatis herbaceis, pappo interdum nullo. — Species typica V. 
dentata (Cav.) Spreng. — Nine species ranging from Texas and 
Nevada to Honduras, but mostly of Lower California. The group 
is chiefly distinguished by the normally ovate-based and strongly 
indurated pale phyllaries with abruptly narrowed herbaceous apex. 
From the somewhat similar series Pinnatilobatae it differs in the 
never more than laciniate-toothed leaves and the disk-corollas not 
calyptrate at base, as well as in the broader bases of the phyllaries. 
Species 34-42. 
a. Leaves laciniate or deeply jagged-toothed, b: 
b. Plant resinous; stem pubescent throughout .......... 34. V. laciniata. 
b. Plant not resinous; stem glabrous below ............ 35. V. subincisa. 
a. Leaves entire or merely serrate, c. 
c. Leaves roundish-ovate or oval; plant densely pannose- 
WORE REMPAIE or ee 38. V. tomentosa. 
h. Leaves not densely tomentose beneath... -39. V. deltoidea. 
NS ee 36. V. dentata. 
34. V. LaciniaTa Gray. Frutescent, up to 1.3 m. high, more or 
less resinous, the stem in age covered with a grayish bark; younger 
branches scabrous with a very short dense hispid pubescence, 
bearing 3-13 cymosely panicled heads. Leaves alternate, often in 
axillary fascicles, lanceolate to lance-ovate, acute to acuminate, 
cuneate to truncate-subcordate at base, laciniately repand-lobate 
(the lobes often again toothed, the lowest pair hastate), rarely 
subentire, above tuberculate-hispid, beneath glutinous and lucid, 
venose, tuberculate-hispid, slightly 3-nerved, 1.5-3 cm. long, 
7-16 mm. wide; petioles 46 mm. long. Peduncles 1-5 cm. long; 
