184 Contributions from the Gray Herbarium 
- 141. V. Macroruiza Baker. Stems few, simple or branched from 
the base, 3-7 dm. high, from a very thick woody root (5 by 2 em.) 
bearing fibrous rootlets with strongly tuberous thickenings. Stems 
sparsely leafy, pale, subangular, spreading-hispid-pilose and stri- 
gillose, the hairs with persistent tuberculate bases. Leaves Op- 
posite below, alternate above, oblong or oblong-ovate or -lanceo- 
late, obtuse to acute, cuneate to rounded at base, subentire or very 
obscurely serrate above the middle (teeth about 5 pairs, ap- 
pressed), strongly 3-nerved, green both sides and somewhat harshly 
pilose-hispid all over with scarcely tuberculate-based more or less 
spreading hairs, 4-8 cm. long, 1-2.6 em. wide, sessile or subsessile. 
Heads solitary at apex of stems and branches, 4-5 cm. wide, on 
striate peduncles about 3 dm. long; disk 1.2-1.6 cm. high, 2.2- 
(fruit) 2.6 em. thick. Involucre 4-seriate, 1.5-2.3 em. high, slightly 
graduated, the phyllaries oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, herbaceous 
except at the ribbed pale base, minutely tuberculate, hispidly pilose 
especially along margin and midline, loose at apex, 4-6 mm. wide. 
Rays 12 or more, oblong, 2.2 em. long, 5 mm. wide; disk-corollas 
subglabrous, 5 mm. long (tube 1.2 mm.). Pales merely acute, finely 
puberulous at apex, 1 em. long. Achenes subsericeous-appressed- 
pilose, 6mm. long. Awns paleaceous, lanceolate, acuminate, 3 mm. 
long; squamellae of each side of achene united to apex into a firm 
scarious scale 2 mm. long, fimbriate at apex. — Baker ! in Mart. 
Fl. Bras. vi. pt. 3. 225 (1884). — PARAGUAY: campos, Caaguazu, 
16 Nov. 1874, Balansa 1139 (corypn: K.); do., 1 April 1874, 
Balansa 848 (coryrn: K., fragm. G.). — In its stiffer firmer pappus 
and longer awns approaching the subgenus Calanticaria. 
Species or DoustruL AFFINITY 
142. V. cornifolia (HBK.), comb. nov. Herbaceous, somewhat 
branched, the stem pilose-hispid, stoutish. Leaves mostly op- 
posite, the uppermost alternate, elliptic, acute, acutish to rounded 
at base, obscurely serrulate, above dull green, paler beneath, 
tuberculate-hispidulous above, beneath hispid along the veins and 
gland-dotted between them, three-nerved, 6.5-8 cm. long, 3- 
3.7 em. wide; petioles margined above, tuberculate-hispid, 6 mm. 
long. Heads about 2, rather large, on terminal and axillary 
peduncles 1 dm. long and densely granulose-hispid above. In- 
volucre about 2(?)-seriate, the outer phyllaries ovate, acute, 
