276 ROBINSON. 
3-7 cm. long, 5-22 mm. wide, the upper subentire, the lower coarsely 
toothed; heads in trichotomous open flattish-topped compound 
cymes; involucre shortly cylindric 5-8 mm. long, half as thick; outer 
and intermediate scales provided with subherbaceous and often 
slightly squarrose subtruncate erose tip, the innermost commonly 
somewhat petaloid and lilac at the apex; florets lilac-purple; achenes 
black, 2.4 mm. long, with light-colored smooth or somewhat rough- 
ened angles.— Syst. ed. 10, 1205 (1759) [as E. iwaefolium]; Amoen. 
Acad. v. 405 (28 Nov. 1759) [as E. ivifolium]; Sp. Pl. ed. 2, ii. 1174 
1763 
Magpatena: locally common, generally in ravines, edge of forest or on 
open campo, alt. 305-915 m., Onaea, H. H. Smith, nos. 533 (Gr., U.S.) and 617 
(Gr.,; U.8.). 
[Miss. to Tex., Cub., Jam., Lesser Antil., Mex. to Boliv. and Braz.] 
12. E. leivense Hieron. Erect shrub, gray-tomentulose, with 
ascending branches; leaves opposite, lanceolate to ovate, entire, acute 
or obtuse at apex, cuneate at base, softly though shortly grayish- 
velvety especially beneath, 2-5 em. long, 1—-2.4 em. wide; heads mostly 
subsessile disposed by 3’s to 5’s in a broad flattish leafy-bracted com- 
pound terminal cyme; involucres about 6 mm. long, 2 mm. in thick- 
ness, 8-11-flowered; scales stramineous, slightly 3-nerved, ciliolate, 
somewhat darkened and dorsally hairy toward the bluntish tip.— 
Hieron. in Eng. Bot. Jahrb. xxi. 329 (1895). 
Borac&: near Leiva, Stibel, no. 152a (Berl., fragm. and phot. Gr.). 
CunpINAMaRcA: near Bogotd, alt. 2600 m., Bros. Apollinaire & Arthur, DO- 
45 (U.S., fragm. Gr.). 
13. E. tacotanum Klatt. Erect, often flowering at 6 dm. and 
essentially herbaceous (Langlassé, Pennell), but under favorable 
conditions becoming a shrub 2 m. or more in height (Lehmann), dark 
grayish-puberulent above, paler, velvety, and obviously reticulate- 
veiny beneath, 3-nerved from above the base; heads pedicelled in 
flattish-topped compound corymbs; pedicels 3-10 mm. long; 1 
volucre 7 mm. high, 2-3 mm. in diameter; scales oblong-lanceolate, 
mostly I-nerved, all but the outermost smooth or nearly so, He 
intermediate lanceolate-linear, acutish, the innermost acute and 
purplish at the tip; corollas pale lilac— Klatt in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 
viii. 35 (1887); Hieron. in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. xxviii. 567 (1901); 
Heering, Mém. Soc. neuchat. Sci. Nat. v. 420 (1913). 
