46 Contributions from the Gray Herbarium 
But the same measurements for the specimens of 7’. fastigiata and 
T. linearis discussed above are, for the leaf-bases 2-2.5 mm., for 
the blades 1.5-2.5 mm. yet the key-character reads “‘ Bases of the 
leaves 24 times as wide as the linear leaf-blades; branches of the 
caudex or rootstock elongate.’’ As for the caudex-difference, the 
caudex of the Wooton plant is the same as that of one of the plants 
belonging to the Hitchcock specimen and referred to 7’. fastigiata 
by Rydberg himself. Finally there remains to be placed 7’. angus- 
tata Greene. Rydberg “keys” this from T. fastigiata and T. 
linearis by crediting it ‘‘ with a slender rootstock.’’ The former 
two species are contrasted as being simply ‘‘ Perennial with a 
caudex.’ According to Rydberg, Pringle’s no. 136 from Chihua- — 
hua is this species and two of the plants composing this are old 
enough to have developed not only a “ caudex” but a branched 
one at that in the manner of Hitchcock’s no. 290, already discussed. 
The pappus of 7’. angustata is said to be ‘‘ awn-tipped ”’; that of 
T. linearis and T. fastigiata “ lanceolate acuminate.” In both the 
Eggert and Hitchcock specimens the pappus is distinctly awn- 
tipped as indeed it is in T. angustata. The foregoing observations 
show conclusively, it seems to me, that if more than one somew 
variable specific unit is here concerned some other basis than that 
adopted in the treatment in the North American Flora must be 
used for separating the elements proposed as distinct. T. linearis 
may be said therefore to differ from 7’. scaposa in its narrower often 
less pubescent leaves and sometimes more tufted habit but since 
any number of intermediate states have been collected it is best 
treated as a variety as was done by Dr. Gray. Actinella glabra 
Nutt., not placed by Rydberg, is to be referred here. Some plants 
occasionally produce a leafy stem. : 
AcTINEA LINEARIFoLIA (Hook.) Ktze. Cockerell, Proc. Biol. 
Soc. Wash. xvii. 111 (1904), distinguished three variations of this 
plant as varieties. Rydberg recognizes all of them as species. TW 
are merely formal variations scarcely worthy any recognition and 
the third, Tetraneuris Dodgei (Ckll.) Rydb. is very probably 4 
young plant of A. scaposa. 3 
Crpaatornora Cay. Icon. vi. 79, t. 599 (1801). As 1 hee 
mentioned above it has been rather generally recognzied that 
group of plants constitutes only a rayless section of Helenium and 
indeed it was so treated by Hoffman in 1890 in Pflanzenfam. 1V- 

