Wells: Destructive Distillation 



119 



(5) It contains no mesityl oxide nor methylcyclopentanone. 



(6) It contains nitriles in minute quantity. 



(7) It contains the methyl esters of the saturated acids, CnH2nO;>, found 

 in wood vinegar, including methyl acetate, methyl propionate, methyl 

 n-butyrate, methyl ?i-valerate, very probably methyl caproate, and methyl 

 heptoate and possibly methyl isobutyrate. The acid corresponding to methyl 

 heptoate has not yet been found in wood vinegar. The percentage of 

 ethereal salts decreases as their boiling-points rise, the lower-boiling ones 

 being present in considerable quantity, the higher ones in very small 

 quantity. One might conclude from this that the quantity of the corres- 

 ponding acids in wood vinegar decrease with increase in boiling-point. 



(8) It contains the esters of unsaturated acids. 



(9) It contains methylfurane, and furanes which can be hydrolyzed by 

 cold, strong hydrochloric acid to diketones. The furanes include dimethyl- 

 furane, trimethylfurane, and higher furanes. 



(10) It contains no dimethylacetal, nor appreciable quantities of pyri- 

 dines or alcohols. 



(11) It contains compounds which take up hydrochloric acid and bromine, 

 and are therefore unsaturated. 



(12) It contains the aromatic hydrocarbons, toluene and xylene, and 

 probably cumene and cymene. 



(13) It contains creosote. 



(14) It contains phenol ethers in minute quantity. 



(15) The higher boiling oils, freed from ketones, aldehydes, ethereal 

 salts, and creosote can be separated into two parts by glacial acetic acid, the 

 one soluble in that substance, the other insoluble. Both absorb bromine 

 readily. 



Samples of tars from the Philippine woods were fractionated 

 in a high distilling flask without the use of the Hempel column, 

 and the results obtained are tabulated in average. 



Table IV. — Showing average percentage of light and heavy oils passing 

 over in fractionation of the various tars. 



[Numbers give percentages.] 



Bacauan 



Langarai 



Api-api 



Ipil 



Yakal ._ 



Guijo.- 



Apitong 



Tanguili 



Narra 



White lauan. 



Palosapis 



Benguet pine 

 Coconut shell 



Wood oil 

 below 

 100° C. 



Light 



oils, 100°- 



150° C. 



Heavy 



oils, 150°- 

 250° C. 



28.0 



21 



64.0 



Distillate 

 above 



250° C. 



