Wells: Destructive Distillation 



121 



The charcoal taken from the retort is steel gray to black. It 

 has a metallic luster and a conchoidal fracture. The charcoal 

 from all the specimens, excepting tanguili, lauan, pine, and palo- 

 sapis, is heavy and has a decided metallic ring when dropped 

 upon a hard surface. The yields are from 32.1 to 41.7 per cent, 

 calculated on the moisture-free sample. All of the specimens are 

 hard to ignite and burn without flame, smoke, or odor of tarry 

 matter. This class of charcoal would fill all the requirements of 

 a charcoal for domestic purposes, while some of the woods would 

 furnish an excellent charcoal for the iron industry in the 

 Philippines. 



Table V shows the results of an analysis of bacauan charcoal 

 that came from a charge heated to 550° C. The sample was 

 taken from an old lot of bacauan charcoal that had stood in 

 the laboratory for a year. 



Table V. — Analysis of bacauan charcoal. 



CHARCOAL. 



Moisture (110° C.) 

 Volatile combustible matter 

 Fixed carbon 

 Ash 



Total 

 Available calories 

 Gross calories 



Per cent. 



5.71 



23.79 



67.21 



3.29 



100.00 

 6799 

 7242 



Silica (SiO,) 



Iron and aluminum oxides (R2O3) 



Calcium oxide (CaO) 



Magnesium oxide (MgO) 



Potassium oxide (K 2 0) 



Sodium oxide (Na 2 0) 



Phosphoric anhydride (P 2 Os) 



Sulphuric anhydride (SOs) 



Chlorine (CI) 



Carbon dioxide (undetermined) 



Analyzed by A. S. Argiielles. 



Per cent. 



2.98 



2.95 

 61.81 

 2.72 

 2.43 

 8.93 

 1.21 

 2.29 

 0.12 

 14.56 



100.00 



The volatile combustible matter seems somewhat high. The 

 calorific values are excellent and probably higher than any 

 value that could be obtained on charcoals made by the Filipino 

 process of burning. The analysis of the ash indicates that 

 bacauan charcoal might be unsuitable for the manufacture of 



