xii. a. 4 Brill and Wells:' Medicinal Plants, II 177 



> of an alkaloid which is similar in action to tylophorine, found by 

 Hooper -' in Tylophora asthmatica W. & A. and recognized in 

 the dispensatory. 25 



The local plant can be used in the same manner as T. asthma- 

 tica, since its action is due to the presence of an alkaloid iden- 

 tical with or closely resembling tylophorine. 



TODDALIA ASIATICA (L.) KURZ (RUTACE^E) 



Dauag, dauag manoc, cayutanang baguing (T. in Rizal), 

 atangen and bugkan (Ifg. in Benguet). 



This plant is found in many places of the Philippine Islands, 

 being a species of wide geographic distribution. 



Notwithstanding the fact that the root of this plant has been 

 widely known for several centuries for its febrifugal and anti- 

 diarrhoeal properties, even to the extent of having been added 

 to some of the European pharmacopoeias under the name of Radix 

 indica lopeziana, or "root of Juan Lopez Pigneiro," Filipinos 

 know nothing of its medicinal properties. 



Dymock, 26 says: 



This scandent shrub appears to have been one of the plants known to 

 Sanskrit writers as kanchana or golden, on account of the orange color 

 of its fruit. 



Yet, in his compilation of the Sanskrit books about medicine, 

 Udoy Chand Dutt says nothing about this drug, although its use 

 is apparently general in India. 



Fliickiger and Hanbury 27 say that the root of Toddalia was 

 first known in 1671, thanks to Doctor Redi, an Italian, who de- 

 scribed it from the samples in his possession gathered by Juan 

 Lopez Pigneiro near the mouth of Zambesi River, East Africa. 

 In 1771 this drug was introduced into European medicine by 

 Gaubius as a remedy against diarrhoea. Its reputation became 

 so great that in 1792 it was included in the Pharmacopoeia of 

 Edinburg, although its botanical origin was not noted. As often 

 happens with vegetable drugs without any specific action, Radix 

 indica lopeziana has fallen into disuse. 



The chemical composition of Toddalia root is not yet clear, 

 notwithstanding the analytical researches done by Fliickiger and 

 Hanbury and also by Dymock. The former say that they were 



"Hooper, David, Pharm. Journ. & Trans. (1891), 21, 617. 



- 5 Hare, Caspari, Rushy, National Standard Dispensatory. Lea & Febiger, 

 Philadelphia (1908), 269. 



w Dymock, W., Pharmacographia Indica. Kegan Paul, Trench, Triibner 

 & Co., Ltd., London (1893), 1, 260. 



27 Op. cit., 777. 



