70 J. J. STEVENSON — CARBONIFEROUS OF APPALACHIAN BASIN 



Lower Freeport limestone. 

 Freeport sandstone. 

 Upper Kittanning coal bed. 

 Johnstown cement limestone. 

 Middle Kittanning coal bed. 

 Lower Kittanning coal bed. 

 Vanport limestone. 

 Clarion coal bed. 

 Clarion sandstone. 

 Putnam Hill limestone. 

 Brookville coal bed. 



The Upper Freeport coal bed... In Pennsylvania, Kelly of Broad Top, E of 

 J. P. Lesley, 1856. Rogers and Lesley, Upper Freeport of 



authors ; in Ohio, 6 and Big vein of Colum- 

 biana, Cambridge of Guernsey, Alexander 

 of Muskingum, Stallsmith, Norris, Bayleys 

 run of Hocking valley, 7 of Tuscarawas ; in 

 West Virginia, Upper Freeport, Mason; in 

 Maryland, Upper Freeport; in Kentucky, 

 Coal 9. 



This coal bed is present in nearly every county of Pennsylvania where 

 its place is reached and it is important economically in extensive areas. 

 It is traceable in most of the Ohio counties as well as along the eastern 

 outcrop in West Virginia, where also it is frequently important. It is 

 irregular in Kentucky and is wanting or very thin in much of the central 

 region within West Virginia and Kentucky. Its irregularity along the 

 outcrop is due in some measure to erosion during deposit of the Mahoning 

 sandstone, but there are considerable areas in which the coal never ex- 

 isted. The bed is broken in many places by numerous partings, so as to 

 be a thick mass of coal and shale. In some localities it is associated with 

 a flint clay of good quality. 



The Upper Freeport limestone . . In Pennsylvania, Upper Freeport ; in Ohio, 

 H. D. Rogers. Upper Freeport, "White" of Columbiana, 



Shawnee of Hocking valley ; in Kentucky, 

 First Fossiliferous. 



This limestone is of somewhat uncertain occurrence in portions of 

 Pennsylvania, but in a general way is one of the best marked strata in the 

 section. In southern Ohio and in Kentucky it is so persistent as to be a 

 notable stratigraphical guide, but in West Virginia it seems to disappear 

 quickly south from the Pennsylvania line. Ordinarily.it is non-fossil- 

 iferous, though occasionally showing some forms presumably of fresh- 

 water types ; but Professor Crandall describes it in Kentucky as carrying 

 a characteristic Carboniferous fauna and terms it the First Fossiliferous 

 limestone. 



