ALLEGHENY FORMATION OF WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA BASINS 105 



bed persists along the whole line and is opened at many places for use of 

 the farmers. Usually it is in numerous benches, separated by clay part- 

 ings, so that although it is very thick at times, 11 to 16 feet, it is appar- 

 ently unimportant. The Lower Freeport was seen on the Conemaugh at 

 47 feet below the Upper, and also at several places south from the Yough- 

 iogheny river, but it is worthless. The Brookville or possibly Clarion 

 was seen at many places, at times in several benches of fair coal separated 

 by thick clay partings which vary at the expense of the coal. Two other 

 beds were seen which unquestionably belong to the Kittanning group, the 

 lower one being above a sandstone which is probably the Kittanning. 

 This is a well marked rock in the southern part of this strip, and it is 

 called Piedmont in Stevenson's reports, in accordance with Professor 

 Lesley's correlation in the Coke Report. The Freeport limestones seem 

 to be present near the West Virginia line.* 



Eeturning to the north and following the formation under cover, one 

 has oil records, many of which are referred to the Ames limestone as the 

 datum. In Allegheny and Westmoreland counties that limestone is from 

 280 to 300 feet below the Pittsburg coal bed. In Allegheny north from 

 the Ohio river the occurrence of the coal beds soon becomes very irregular, 

 as might be expected from conditions in adjacent parts of Butler and 

 Beaver. Seven records are available in western Allegheny near the 

 Beaver line. Two of these show no coal, one has three beds, 69 and 34 

 feet apart, while in one or the other of the remaining wells one or two 

 coals are reported. These are very near the horizons of the Lower Free- 

 port, Middle Kittanning, and Lower Kittanning. The Butler sandstone 

 overlies the highest bed. At Sewickley, a few miles below Pittsburg, 

 Doctor White measured the core of a diamond drill and recognized the 

 Upper and Lower Freeport, the Upper and Lower Kittanning, all very 

 thin and no limestones present, f 



A record in northwest Westmoreland shows coals at 44, 127, and 218 

 feet below the Upper Freeport. Four miles east from this locality Mr 

 W. G. Piatt found the Lower Freeport, Lower Kittanning, and Brook- 

 ville coals at 30, 110, and 217 feet below the Upper Freeport. The agree- 

 ment is sufficiently close for correlation between the ordinary record and 

 a measured exposure. On the Pennsylvania railroad at Carpenter sta- 

 tion the only coals are the LTpper Freeport and one at 199 feet lower, 

 which may be the Clarion. Farther south, at Sewickley, the Lower Free- 



* J. J. Stevenson: Fayette and Westmoreland (K K), pp. 82, 141, 159, 160, 167, 171, 

 186, 193, 319, 320. 



t J. F. Carll: (I 5), pp. 251-256. 

 I. C. White: Bulletin no. 65, p. 112. 



