112 J. J. STEVENSON CARBONIFEROUS OF APPALACHIAN BASIN 



given to abrupt variations; within a distance of 8 miles below Yellow 

 creek it is 89, 120, and 86 feet. The Vanport limestone seems to be 

 represented at Elliottsville by 3 feet 6 inches of fossiliferons shale at 26 

 feet below the Lower Kittanning, and the Putnam hill limestone by 5 feet 

 of fossiliferous limestone and slate at 28 feet lower. Underneath the 

 last is the Brookville coal bed, 6 inches, resting on 10 feet of black slate. 

 The Scrubgrass seems to be represented by black shale under the Vanport. 

 The Upper Freeport limestone is persistent in most of the sections where 

 its horizon is reached, but the place of the coal is occupied in some sec- 

 tions by a buff limestone overlying the non-plastic clay marking the 

 horizon. At Steubenville the Lower Freeport or "Shaft coal" is 547 to 

 551 feet below the Pittsburg, 327 to 331 feet below the Ames limestone. 

 The Lower Kittanning has been found at 80 to 98 feet lower in borings 

 and the Brookville is reached in one boring at 40 feet below the Lower 

 Kittanning. At La Grange, opposite Wellsburg, in West Virginia, the 

 Pittsburg is 540 feet above the Lower Freeport, which is 5 feet 3 inches 

 thick, and at 22 feet above it is a double bed, representing the Upper 

 Freeport. The lower bed retains its thickness farther down the river, 

 where it is 7 to 8 feet thick and good.* 



Eeturning to the northern outcrop, one finds the Putnam Hill lime- 

 stone extending into Portage county, west from Mahoning, where it over- 

 lies the Brookville coal at many places, f 



Stark county, south from Portage, is west from Mahoning and Carroll. 

 Newberry's generalized section for the county is: 



Feet. Feet 



1. Shale and sandstone 30 to 50 



2. Buff limestone and ore to 6 



3. Black band ore to 10 



4. Coal 7 [Upper Freeport] 1 to 3 



5. Fireclay 1 



6. Shale and sandstone, with thin coal near 



middle 75 to 110 



7. Coal 6 [Middle Kittanning] 2 to 6 



8. Fireclay and shale 42 to 65 



9. Coal 5 [Lower Kittanning] 2 to 3 



10. Fireclay, shale, sandstone 42 to 65 



11. Putnam Hill limestone O to 4 



12. Coal 4 [Brookville] 3 to 6 



13. Fireclay . 1 to 3 



the last being 20 to 50 feet above the Lower Mercer, or Zoar, limestone. 



* J. S. Newberry : Vol. iii, pp. 103, 757, 758, 760. 



E. Orton : Vol. v, pp. 50-51, 53, 55-57, 59, 61. 

 t J. S. Newberry : Vol. iii, pp. 137, 142. 



