ALLEGHENY FORMATION IN OHIO 121 



the Vanport and 34 feet above the Putnam Hill ; thence the Middle Kit- 

 tanning thickens rapidly and within 2 miles becomes the "Great vein" 

 of Shawnee and Straitsville, 8 to 12 feet thick. The bed holds its thick- 

 ness across Ward township of Hocking into York of Athens, where it is 

 the Nelsonville coal, 6 to 10 feet thick; thence it decreases, so that in 

 Waterloo township of Athens it is but 3 feet 6 inches and is known as 

 the Carbondale or Mineral City seam. The Lower Kittanning appears 

 in most of Professor Andrews's sections along this west side in Perry, 

 Hocking, and Athens counties. The Vanport limestone with its ore is 

 persistent and the Clarion coal bed is shown in some of the sections ; but 

 the Brookville, underlying the Putnam Hill limestone, is very indefinite 

 south from the Muskingum line. The interval from Middle Kittanning 

 to the Baird ore (Vanport) decreases from 45 feet at 6 miles south from 

 the Muskingum line to 38 feet at Waterloo, in Athens county. 



The higher members of the formation are followed without difficulty, 

 but at some distance farther east. Several deep valleys on the west side 

 of the field show the whole series, while Sunday creek, on the east side, 

 shows the section down to the Lower Kittanning, in Monroe of Perry, 

 Trimble, and Dover townships of Athens. Three sections suffice to ex- 

 hibit the variations : 



I. Moxahala, in Perry county (Read). 

 II. Shawnee, in Hocking county (Orton). 

 III. Nelsonville, in Athens county (upper part from Orton, lower by Read). 



Feet. Inches. Feet Inches Feet. 



1. Upper Freeport 4 G 3 6 



2. Interval 31 18 32 



3. Limestone and ore .. .. 2 3 



4. Interval 15 34 18 



5. Lower Freeport G 1 2 



G. Lower Freeport limestone \ C 6 1 



7. Sandstone or shale I 41 J 25 



8. Shale ) (20 y 



9. Middle Kittanning 12 10 8 



10. Interval 26 26 23 



11. Lower Kittanning 3 to 5 3 4 to 8 



12. Fireclay and sandstone 



or clay 9 12 15 to 35 



13. [Vanport] ore and lime- 



stone 10 1 2 to 3 



The Shawnee or Upper Freeport limestone is at 18 to 30 feet below its 

 coal bed. It rarely shows any flint, but usually carries iron ore; it is 

 buff on weathered surface, is non-fossiliferous, and is almost as useful 



