126 J. J. STEVENSON CARBONIFEROUS OF APPALACHIAN BASIN 



Feet. Feet 



6. Lower Kittanning 2 6 



7. Clay and shale 27 



8. [A^anport] limestone 



9. Clarion 



10. Hecla sandstone 50 



11. Brookville 2 6 



or somewhat less than 200 feet for the whole formation. The Upper 

 Freeport, known locally as the Lucas coal, is in small areas on the hill- 

 tops and shows 4 to 6 feet of good coking coal, but it has not been devel- 

 oped. The Lower Freeport is insignificant. The Middle Kittanning, 

 known as the Sheridan coal, is double, but not important within this 

 county. The bottom bench of the Hocking Valley field has disappeared, 

 and there remain only the middle and upper, the latter yielding poor 

 coal; so that, although the bed is sometimes 3 feet 6 inches thick, it is 

 seldom worth working. It is 60 to 70 feet above the Yanport limestone 

 and the interval to the Lower Kittanning is 32 to 44 feet. This lower 

 bed, known as the Newcastle, is the important coal bed of the county and 

 underlies a massive sandstone, at times conglomerate. The Clarion, 1 to 

 2 feet below the Yanport, and the "steadiest" coal seam in the county, 

 is double and yields somewhat more than 3 feet of fairly good coal. The 

 Brookville, 40 to 50 feet below the limestone, underlies the massive 

 Clarion sandstone, known as the Hecla, and varies from 2 to 4 feet, but is 

 not mined, as the coal has much refuse.* 



In Gallia county, east from Jackson and south from Meigs, one finds 

 the section reaching to the Lower Kittanning within the western town- 

 ships, but the Allegheny is wholly buried along the Ohio. In the west- 

 ern townships the Middle Kittanning is about 480 feet below the Pitts- 

 burg, and the place of the Brookville, according to a boring, is 129 feet 

 lower, or 609 feet below the Pittsburg. No well records are available for 

 Gallia except along the Jackson border, but Doctor White gives one in 

 Mason county of West Yirginia directly opposite Gallipolis, in Gallia. 

 It begins about 200 feet below the place of the Pittsburg coal beci, the 

 figures being approximate only, as that coal bed is wanting at Gallipolis, 

 though it was found by Andrews, very thin, at a few miles back. In this 

 well the first coal bed is at 472 feet and the second at 238 feet lower, or 

 710 feet below the Pittsburg. The relation between the coal beds is that 

 between the Upper Freeport and the Brookville in western Gallia, and 

 in this well the bottom coal bed rests, as in western Gallia and at so 

 many other places farther north, on a great sandstone. It is evidently 



* E. B. Andrews : Vol. i, pp. 154, 159, 1G0-161. 

 E. Orton: Vol. v, pp. 1026-1031. 



