ALLEGHENY FORMATION IN WEST VIRGINIA 139 



above the flint. The Stockton coal bed appears 2 miles farther up the 

 river at 7 feet below the flint which is in the river bed at the shoals. At 

 Clendenin, 5 miles below the shoals, the upper bed is mined at the 

 water's edge, and it soon goes under, to come up again at 5 or 6 miles 

 from Charleston, where it is mined at the Graham mines near Mason. 

 On Two-mile creek, near Charleston, Doctor White's section is : 



Feet 



1. Sandstone and concealed 85 



2. Sandstone, massive, pebbly 75 



3. Mason coal bed 2 



4. Shales 10 



5. Sandstone, coal near middle 120 



6. Shales 10 



7. Black flint 5 



8. Shale 2 



9. Stockton coal bed 



The Mason coal bed is that mined at Mason, Clendenin, and Queens 

 shoals, the interval to the Flint having decreased 35 feet from the last 

 place. At all of these localities it underlies a bed of shale rich in fossil 

 plants which have been studied by Mr David White. Comparison of the 

 flora from this bed with that obtained at Clay leads him to regard the 

 beds as at different horizons, the bed at Clay being Freeport and that at 

 Queens shoals nearer to the Kit tanning. Mr M. E. Campbell comes to 

 the same conclusion on stratigraphical grounds. Detailed sections be- 

 tween Clay and Queens shoals are unpublished; lacking those, one may 

 make use only of such material as is available. The interval from Upper 

 Freeport to Brookville evidently decreases westward from Clay, losing 

 20 feet in 5 miles ; at Queens shoals, 5 miles farther, the interval between 

 the upper coal and the Brookville is about 187 feet, 23 feet less than 

 below Yankee Dam, while at Charleston, somewhat more than 20 miles 

 southwest from Queens shoals, the interval is but 147 feet. As will be 

 seen in succeeding paragraphs, the interval between this Mason coal bed 

 and the Brookville shows much variation along the Kanawha southeast 

 from Charleston.* 



Ascending the Kanawha river from Charleston, one finds the interval 

 between the Mason and Brookville-Stockton increasing from 135 feet at 

 Porters run to 198 feet at Witchers run, 14 miles southeast. The inter- 

 mediate coal, noted in the Two-mile section and known as the "Number 

 5, block," is very thin and only its blossom has been seen thus far, but at 

 North Coalburg, 2 miles farther up the river, it is 3 feet 10 inches thick, 



* David White : Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, pp. 171-173. 

 M. R. Campbell : Jour, of Geol., vol. xi, pp. 462, 465, 467. 



