150 J. J. STEVENSON CARBONIFEROUS OF APPALACHIAN BASIN 



miles east the upper sandstone begins at 70 feet lower than at Spencer 

 and underlies 90 feet of red rock, most of which belongs in the Alle- 

 gheny. A coal bed 2 feet thick is here, which, according to the relations 

 assumed at Spencer, should be 558 feet below the Pittsburg. The record 

 shows a coal bed 4 feet thick at 550 feet above it, which may be the 

 Pittsburg coal bed. At 25 miles southeast from Spencer and 10 miles 

 northwest from Clay Courthouse, a great sandstone occurs, practically 

 continuous for 335 feet, being broken by only three shale beds in all 30 

 feet thick. This is evidently the mass termed by Mr Campbell the 

 Charleston, which in its lower portion is Allegheny and in its upper 

 Conemaugh. 



In Jackson county, west from Roane and "Wirt and south form Wood, 

 the records can not be interpreted by the writer. Mason county is west 

 from Jackson and adjoins Meigs and Gallia of Ohio. On the eastern 

 border, which is 10 miles southeast from Pomeroy, Ohio, the Mahoning 

 sandstone ends at 465 and the first Pottsville sandstone is at 685 feet 

 below the Pittsburg coal bed. The Allegheny, about 200 feet thick, con- 

 tains two sandstones 85 and 50 feet thick, but no trace of coal. Twelve 

 miles southwest, on the Ohio river opposite Gallipolis, a coal bed is present 

 at 422 feet, a sandstone 67 feet thick begins at 532 feet, and a coal bed 

 ends at 669 feet below the Pittsburg, resting on a great double sandstone, 

 413 feet thick, extending to within 45 feet of the "Big Lime." The bot- 

 tom coal bed is at the Brookville horizon, but the relations of the upper 

 bed are uncertain. 



In Putnam county, southeast from Mason, one has at Winfield, 27 

 miles southeast from Gallipolis, the complete record reported by Mr 

 Campbell and Doctor White. A sandstone 70 feet thick begins at about 

 540 feet below the Pittsburg and rests on slate and coal 20 feet, reaching 

 to sandstone beginning at 629 and ending at 735 feet below the Pitts- 

 burg. These sandstones represent the lower portion of the mass seen 

 near Charleston, the upper portion being replaced in great part by shale. 

 The Brookville coal bed is not noted in the record, but it belongs not 

 far from the bottom of the sandstone, for at lock number 6, 20 miles 

 southeast from Winfield and 5 miles northwest from Charleston, it is 

 about 750 feet below the Pittsburg and underlies a sandstone, 405 feet 

 thick, extending almost 200 feet into the Conemaugh. In a boring about 

 12 miles southwest from Winfield a coal bed is reported at 750 feet above 

 the "Big Lime" underlying a sandstone, 105 feet thick, with no higher 

 sandstone within 300 feet. This may be the Brookville, whose place at 



* Geology of West Virginia : Wirt, vol. i, p. 262 ; vol. \a, pp. 464-465, 467-468 ; Roane, 

 vol. i, pp. 264, 268 ; vol. ia, pp. 470, 472 ; vol. ii, pp. 398-399. 

 J. J, Stevenson : Proc. Am. Phil. Soe., 1875, vol. xiv, p. 395. 



