156 J.J. STEVENSON CARBONIFEROUS OF APPALACHIAN BASIN 



fresh-water limestone associated with deep red shales. Whether or not it 

 is present in the central counties of the state, where its place is deeply 

 buried, can not be determined, as the oil-well records can not be depended 

 on for recognition of thin limestones; but it is certainty present under 

 the Cowrun anticline along the central part of the basin in Washington 

 county of Ohio, Pleasants, Wirt, and Eitchie of West Virginia and it is 

 also present in northern Wayne of the latter state, near the Kentucky 

 line. The color is usually greenish, but often masked by iron stain, and 

 the percentage of silica is often large, though the bed is reported as 

 cherty at no place where the ^identification is complete. The fourth 

 limestone is cherty in Lawrence county of Kentucky, where one is near 

 its place of disappearance, for at a few miles farther it is represented by 

 only a green calcareous sandstone. The Ames limestone carries a marine 

 fauna at all localities where it has been recognized certainly. In northern 

 West Virginia, for 30 to 40 miles southward from the Pennsylvania line, 

 fossiliferous shales of considerable thickness underlie the Ames, which 

 is the highest horizon in the Appalachian basin at which marine life 

 nourished. 



The Harlem coal bed of J. S. Newberry (7b of northern Ohio, Cri- 

 noidal of Pennsylvania, Friendsville of Maryland) is not so persistent as 

 the Ames limestone, but is present at nearly all localities in Ohio where 

 its place is exposed, is reported frequently along the northern outcrop 

 in Pennsylvania, but more rarely along the eastern outcrop, though the 

 horizon is marked by thin coal or black shale at many localities apparently 

 as far south as Upshur county of West Virginia. Many oil records note 

 it as coal or black shale and it is present as a coal bed under the Cow- 

 run anticline in Washington of Ohio and Wirt of West Virginia. It may 

 be the Coal 12 of Kentucky. Usually it is very thin, but occasionally, as 

 at the type locality in Carroll county of Ohio, it is of workable thickness. 

 For long distances it underlies the Ames limestone directly and it is 

 known as the "Fossil coal" at two widely separated localities, one in Ohio, 

 on the northwestern outcrop, and the other in central West Virginia. 

 At both the upper part of the bed contains fine specimens of mollusca 

 characterizing the overlying limestone. 



The Barton coal bed of P. T. Tyson (Bakerstown of Pennsylvania 

 and Maryland, not Barton of Lesley and Stevenson, which is Elk Lick) 

 is a well marked horizon a little above midway between the Ames and 

 Cambridge limestones and above the Cowrun sandstone. Coal is at this 

 place in western Maryland and in most of the counties in western 

 Pennsylvania, but it is rare in Ohio. It may be represented by the 

 Patriot (E. M. Lovejoy) and Slate (E. McMillin) coals of southern Ohio, 



