210 J. J. STEVENSON CARBONIFEROUS OF APPALACHIAN BASIN 



Five miles southwest from the last well is Parkersburg, where neither 

 Pittsburg coal bed nor "Big Lime" is present ; but the relations may he 

 determined approximately as at Marietta, 10 miles north in Ohio. A 

 sandstone is here, 31 feet thick and resting on "red, blue, and gray shales," 

 415 feet, succeeded by 70 feet of gray shales, in all 485 feet, to a great 

 sandstone, 105 feet thick, and at 760 feet is a coal bed. This bed is 208 

 feet above the Salt Sand and 843 feet above the Berea, while at Marietta 

 the intervals are 225 and 830 feet. At Parkersburg it is 275 feet below 

 the top of the 105 feet sandstone; at Marietta it is 280 feet below the 

 top of the sandstone, there taken to be the lower part of the Mahoning, 

 which at Parkersburg is continuous with the sandstone below, though at 

 Marietta separated from it by 15 feet of shale. Evidently the section 

 shows no material change and the Conemaugh is about 480 feet thick. 

 The most notable feature is the great increase of reds, the upper one 

 extending, as at Marietta, into the Monongahela, while other beds of con- 

 siderable thickness are in the Allegheny.* 



Eeturning to the eastern outcrop in Barbour and Upshur counties, the 

 section may be followed westward across Lewis and Braxton, Gilmer, Cal- 

 houn, and Eoane, Jackson and Mason to the Ohio river. 



In northern Barbour a record about 10 miles southward from Webster, 

 in Taylor county, shows 607 feet from the Pittsburg to the Lower Free- 

 port. Two coal beds are present at 274 and 331 feet below the Pitts- 

 burg ; the upper one, resting on a thin limestone, has been correlated with 

 the Elk Lick; the lower bed, 270 feet above the Lower Freeport, underlies 

 red shales containing the Ames limestone, so that it is at the Harlem 

 horizon. There is little sandstone in the Conemaugh, and the red rock, 

 in all, can hardly exceed 35 feet and is distributed in several layers within 

 the lower part of the formation; but near Philippi, in this county, the 

 Mahoning interval contains a massive sandstone. Ten or 12 miles south- 

 west, in northern Upshur, a record shows a coal bed, possibly the Harlem 

 horizon, about 285 feet below the Pittsburg and 255 feet above what may 

 be the Upper Freeport. This record begins at about 100 feet. In 396 

 feet it shows only 65 feet of sandstone and 46 feet of red rock, three beds 

 of each. At a few miles south from Buckhannon, in this county, a coal 

 bed is shown in the river hill at 110 feet above the Upper Freeport, un- 

 derlying 30 feet of massive sandstone on which rest red sha]es — very like 

 the Brush Creek coal bed and Buffalo sandstone. 



On the Lewis County border a record beginning at 220 feet below the 

 Pittsburg shows 125 feet of red rock at 245 feet below that coal, suc- 

 ceeded by shales which continue into the Allegheny. The mass of reds 



* I. C. White : Vol. i, pp. 285, 291, 295-297. 



