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J. J. STEVENSON CARBONIFEROUS OF APPALACHIAN BASIN 



southwest, where the bed is single, the interval is 140 feet. The Eed 

 Ash becomes very important in the Wilkesbarre region, the splits uniting 

 to make a bed 10 to 12 feet thick; farther southwest the thickness in- 

 creases to 15 or 20 feet, occasionally swelling to 40 feet, though the in- 

 terval between the splits sometimes reaches 50 feet. At the last ex- 

 posure southward the bed is still 5 to 9 feet thick, and is known as the 

 Buck Mountain. 



The Shaft, Clark, or Archbold coal bed is double near Carbondale, 

 where the interval between the "top" and "bottom" splits varies from 

 nothing to 40 feet ; but at the north end of the field, near Forest City, 

 the bed seems to be always single. In the Priceville, Olyphant, and 

 Blakely region it is single, 9 to 10 feet at the north, but decreasing south- 

 wardly to 3 or 5 feet, and at length to a mass of coal and slate which can 

 hardly be recognized in the borings. Still farther southward it is im- 

 portant, becoming 10 to 12 feet near Hyde Park, in the Scranton area; 

 but again it decreases, and in the Pittston area is 2 to 8 feet thick, with 

 "Eough coal" so high in refuse that it is hardly worth mining. This 

 deterioration evidently continues, for the bed seems to be unknown in the 

 Nanticoke area at the south end of the field. 



The New County, Marcy, or Eoss coal bed is represented by the Four- 

 foot coal bed of the Priceville area ; but it becomes important first in the 

 Scranton region, where at times it is from 7 to 9 feet thick, with 5 to 7 

 feet of good coal. It is good as far as Pittston, but thence deteriorates 

 for several miles, though retaining its thickness. It varies greatly in the 

 Wilkesbarre region, 4 to 20, and in one colliery even 40 feet thick. The 

 interval to the Eed Ash is 50 to 150 feet. The bed is sometimes in two 

 splits, 5 to 10 feet apart; these diverge toward the Nanticoke area until 

 they are 50 feet apart, with the thickness respectively of 15 and 9 feet; 

 but this interval is very irregular. At the Wanamie colliery the bed is 

 single and 15 to 25 feet thick; at Glen Lyon the splits are sometimes near 

 enough to be mined as one bed, but followed westwardly in the tunnel 

 they diverge widely. At Glen Lyon the interval to the Eed Ash is 40 to 

 100 feet, increasing westwardly. 



The Slope, Grassy Island, Big, Pittston, Baltimore coal bed is 130 feet 

 above the Clark at Carbondale, though farther north, at Forest City, the 

 interval is but 80 feet. In this northern part of the field the bed is about 

 5 feet thick, but it increases southwardly, so as to have a thickness of 

 about 8 feet in the Jermyn basin, where the interval to the Clark has 

 become 200 feet. In the Scranton area the "Big" bed averages 12 feet 

 and is 100 to 150 feet above the Clark; farther southward, near Pittston, 

 the "Pittston" coal averages 10 feet 6 inches and is 125 feet above the 



