608 A. W. GRABAU — TYPES OF SEDIMENTARY OVERLAP 



The following species are listed:* 



[c, common; r, rare.] 



Zaphrentis sp. (r). P. cf. wortheni (c). 



Crinoid stems (c). P. sp. (r). 



Fenestella sp. (r). Camarotcechia sp. (r). 



Lingula gannensis (r). Spirifer cf. marionensis (c). 



OrMculoidea sp. (c). Reticularia pseudolineata (c). 



Chonetes sp. (r). Syringothyris carteri (r). 



Productus cora var. (r). Athyris lamellosa (c). 



P. cf. semireticulatus (r). Conularia sp. (r). 



Forty feet higher another rich Kinderhook, or early Burlington 

 fauna was found, including Spiriferina cf. solidirostris, Palxoneilo 

 perplana, P. sulcatina, Nuculana spatulata, Pleurotomaria stulta, Prole- 

 canites greeni, Phgethonides, and others. Thirty to forty feet higher still 

 the fauna is still more characteristically lower Mississippian, for such 

 species as Lingulodiscina newberryi, Spirifer Tceohuk, Sphenotes flavins, 

 Pdlceoneilo bedfordensis, and Conularia newberryi occur, most of them 

 common, besides many others not determined specifically, f 



The sandstone number 6 of the section afforded Productus cora and 

 Camarotechia contracta, both common. 



At Hicksville, Bland county, "Virginia (Pocahontas folio), the Black 

 shale, here called Eomney, has an estimated thickness of from 400 to 

 600 feet and rests upon sandstone with an Oriskany fauna. It contains 

 Schizobolus truncatus, Palseoneilo brevis, and Goniatites, which occur 

 100 feet above the top of the Black shale; and, higher still, the Kimber- 

 ling shales and sandstones have yielded a rich Chemung fauna. The 

 Black shale has here descended in the scale and apparently represents 

 Portage time. Still farther northeast, at White Sulphur Springs, West 

 Virginia, the Black shale, resting on Oriskany sandstone, is succeeded 

 by sandy and green shales with a Buchiola speciosa or Naples (Portage) 

 fauna, followed, 300 feet above the Black shale, by a Chemung fauna. 



At Covington, Alleghany county, Virginia, 20 miles from the last 

 section, and at Hot Springs, Bath county, Virginia, the Black shales 

 carry in the lower part Marcellus species, though associated with species 

 of late Devonic time. Williams holds that the Black shales began to 

 be deposited here while the Onondaga fauna still continued in the more 

 central area. The evidence for this seems hardly conclusive. At Cov- 

 ington, Virginia, the Black shale is underlain by a greenish shale with 

 Schizophoria striatula, Atrypa spinosa, Ambocoelia umbonata, and 



♦Ibid.: Loc. cit, p. 30. 

 tlbid. : Loc. cit, p. 31. 



