1842.] Notes on the Bendkar, a people of Keonjur. 207 



their confined locality is not satisfactorily accounted for, as they affirm 

 they have been living on that hill alone for many generations. Nor to 

 their knowledge, have their numbers been ever devastated by epidemic 

 diseases. They are a perfectly peaceable race, never having been at 

 issue with either Hos or Hindoos. They have arms, however, similar 

 to those generally used in the country, which they employ in the 

 chase. 



The only specimen of their handicraft, which I procured from them, 

 and which I beg, through you, to present to the Society, is the accom- 

 panying plough. It is used by the hand, as they have no cattle ; and is 

 capable, as may be seen, of merely scratching up the surface of the soil. 

 It is not handled in the manner of a hoe, or fowra, but dragged or 

 scraped along, as far as the sweep of the arm allows : and it will be ad- 

 mitted, I think, that for barbarity, the instrument is unique. 



Note. — The implement alluded to, is now in the Museum of the Asiatic 

 Society. It is a rough hewn stick, nearly four feet long, which has been 

 separated from the tree just below the off-shoot of a branch, at rather an 

 acute angle with it, the off-shoot being cut down to about 10 inches long^ 

 and sharpened at the point, so as to take the ground like a rude pick axe : 

 this is made more effective by an iron spike or peg, driven through the 

 stick an inch or so above the off-shoot, and made to correspond in length 

 with it. The cultivator using it, would, by dragging the implement towards 

 him, have the soil, divided by the iron peg, and the furrow formed by the 

 thicker substance of the off-shoot behind it. iTi 



Captain Shortreede, in continuation of his Paper, p. 28, in No. 121 

 of this Journal. 



1. In continuation of our researches regarding the spherical excess in 



terms of the two sides and the contained angle, we resume the expression 



, „ tan I a tan | ft sin C ~ 



formely given tan A fc, = ; — — : — r —7 ~ which may be other- 



J & 2 1 + tan \ a tan \ ft cos C J 



wise written tan \ E = tan \ a tan * b sin C (~, — — , — ; =-* ^) • 



2 2 V 1 + tan I a tan \ b cos C' > 



and the denominator within the parentheses may be expanded in the 

 usual way. 



2. For tan \ a and tan § b substitute their values in arc to radius 1 by the 



\ a O «* 17 7 



formula tan % = % +,- yj + — -y -j — _ X + &c. and we have tan \ a 



. ,, /'« « 3 a 5 17 a7 x ,b &3 &5 17 &7 v 



tan} ft = (-2 + £ + 240 +39720-+ &C ') (2+24+ 5io + 39720 + &C ^ 



.',.,.. a ft ab ( a* + b* 

 ana by actual multiplication we get tan ;rtan = — I I -\ \o~~ + 



6 g« + 5 g2 6« + 6 6* 136 pg + 63 a* W + 6 3 «2 ft4 4. 136 ft6 . 



720 + " r 40320 ~ +&c . ) 



this expression and its powers being substituted in the expansion 



