1842.] Manis Crassicaudata. 223 



Eye — Is small, dull, pupil circular, and as in bats or moles, barely 

 distinguishable from the iris. A very strong opaque nictitating mem- 

 brane. No eye-lashes to either lid. 



Genitals (male) . — A small longitudinal slit, in the apex of a rounded 

 soft wrinkled bag, with the anus immediately behind. Testicles internal. 

 No apparent penis. The belly and the under-surface of the tail being 

 on the same plane, and the latter not capable of bending upwards, it 

 is difficult to imagine how the Manis copulates: not improbably face 

 to face. 



External Covering — The upper part of the animal, and the outside 

 half of each limb are clothed with horny sharp-edged scales, not very 

 regularly disposed except on the tail. The nose is bare, and excessively 

 tender ; about f ths of an inch from it commence series of scales, extend- 

 ing laterally to within \ an inch above each eye : these are small and 

 hexagonal, and extend to the back of the head skirting the ears. From 

 this point the scales of the back commence, they are looser, larger and 

 more irregular in their order of imbrication ; they are as nearly as pos- 

 sible disposed in eleven longitudinal rows, five on each side decreasing 

 in size towards the belly, and one series along the dorsal line. On the 

 tail are five series, the three central of which are regularly disposed. 

 The scales of the lateral rows are bent or curved inwards, so that their 

 long apices present a blunt edge along the whole length of the tail. In 

 other words, these scales embrace or enclose the edge of the tail. The 

 under part of the tail is flat, and covered with smaller rounded scales, 

 which commence abruptly from a line about an inch in rear of the arms. 

 The scales of the anterior limbs commence on a line down the middle of 

 the inner side of the arm, from whence they diverge outwards and up- 

 wards, gradually assimilating (on the shoulder), to the order of the 

 series on the back. The scales of the hind legs commence just below the 

 knee, and the order of the series is downwards to the edge of the sole 

 enveloping the outside semi- circumference of the limb. The nose, sides 

 of the face, inside of the limbs, the entire thigh, and the whole of 

 the under-parts to the root of the tail are naked and clothed with a soft 

 whitish wrinkled skin. The soles of the fore-paws are smooth and 

 flabby, (as they never touch the ground in walking.) Those of the hind 

 feet, on which the animal rests, are black, tough, and spongy. The face 

 is smooth, like that of a scalded pig, eyelids devoid of lashes. From be- 



