1842.] to Shipke, in Chinese Tartary. 381 



times perish, to lose their fingers and toes. This road leads past 

 Chubrung, and crosses the Sutlej at Chuksum Sango, a wooden bridge 

 with a railing of iron chains, under Tooling a large collection of tents, 

 where there is a temple with a gilt cupola roof held in great repute 

 amongst the Lamas. Leh, or Leo, the capital of Ludak, on the right 

 bank of the Indus, is reckoned sixteen day's journey from Shealkhur. 

 There are several roads from Koonawur to it, one from Wangpo, 

 another from Soongnam, and two from Shealkhur; they are rocky at 

 first, but afterwards improve. Leo is about midway between Kashmeer 

 and Garoo, being eighteen marches from either. 



22c? October. — Proceeded to Lee, a village on the right bank of 

 the Lee river, near the junction of a small stream with it. The dis- 

 tance is twelve miles, and as it was late when we started, we did not 

 reach it until upwards of an hour after dark, and half our baggage 

 did not arrive that night. The road was bad, crossing two rivulets, 

 the ascent from the latter of which was extremely tedious and 

 dangerous, being very steep upon sand and gravel that seemed to have 

 but lately fallen ; it was a natural slope, and much caution was requisite 

 to avoid putting the loose earth in motion, for there were no marks of 

 a foot-path ; with all our care, however, it was not unfrequent to slip 

 back many yards, and sometimes near a hundred feet of sand gave 

 way at once, carrying the traveller with it, but not very quickly; 

 the greatest danger arose from stones displaced by our people who 

 were a-head, which every now and then whirled past us with astonish- 

 ing rapidity. 



23rd October. — Marched seven and a quarter miles to Hango, situate 

 on the bank of a stream flowing to the eastward to mix its waters with 

 the Lee. This valley contains five or six villages, around which there is 

 more cultivation than we had often seen in Koonawur. The road 

 commenced with a steep ascent of 2,500 feet, and then was good and 

 even to Hango, 11,468 feet above the sea. 



24th October. — Marched to Soongnum nine and a quarter miles ; at 

 first we had an ascent of 3,400 feet by a good but steep road to the top 

 of Hungrung Pass, 14,837 feet in height ; this pass separates Hungrung 

 from another of the divisions of Koonawur, named Sooe or Shooung, 

 under the Wuzeer Budreedas ; the mountains immediately on either side 

 might be fully 1,000 feet above us, but there was little snow upon them. 



