1842.] Geology of Bundelcuud and Jubbulpore. 393 



be found not only a pleasing one, but a source of great public utility. 

 Observation pointing out the path, the geologist ascends from facts to 

 inferences, gradually but surely ; and though the way may be said to be 

 long and wearisome, he obtains at length, in the great truths which it 

 leads to, an ample recompense for all his toils. To trace the changes on 

 the ever- varying surface of this globe ; to compare the present with 

 the past, and thus to study the history of its inhabitants in their several 

 epochs of existence, from the shrub and insect up to man, the proud 

 lord of all, constitutes the paramount aim of this research ; while the 

 discovery of new minerals, or their compounds, and new applications 

 of them to the arts of life, stamp on his labours an additional value that 

 they would not otherwise possess. 



To qualifications leading to any such results, I have not the smallest 

 pretensions, nor dare I aspire to the title of geologist from merely 

 noting down a few simple facts and deducing the most obvious con- 

 clusions from them. Should the detail, however, prove the means of 

 exciting those to prosecute the study of Indian geology, who possess 

 greater ability and opportunities, I shall feel that my time has not been 

 wholly misemployed. I need urge no stronger plea than this expecta- 

 tion for again bringing before the Society a collection apparently so 

 little worthy their notice. 



These specimens comprise all the rocks met with, between the 

 Jumna and the Nurbudda, by the route of Banda, Lohargong, Bellary 

 and Jubbulpore. They commence with the hills in Bundelcund, after 

 crossing the Jumna at Chilly-terrah Ghaut. Between the hills and the 

 river is situate a plain of considerable extent, the aspect of which differs 

 so widely from that of the opposite country in the Dooab, as to merit 

 particular notice. It may be observed, generally, that the soil of the 

 plains of Hindostan intra Gangem, is alight coloured mould, consisting of 

 a due proportion of argillaceous, siliceous, and calcareous earths, the 

 last being most abundant above Monghyr. Its chief character is 

 derived from the quantity of mica which it contains in minute grains 

 'and scales. This also prevails in the district I passed through from 

 Allahabad to the Ghaut on the Jumna. About half a mile from this river 

 we descend a bank, which at one time may have formed its boundary in 

 the rainy season, and enter upon a low flat, where in place of a fair, 

 shining, attenuated mould, the eye meets nothing but an uniformly 



