796 Pdli Buddhistical Annals. [Sept. 



worldly riches which were) the rewai'ds of his piety, and (escapiog from his domes- 

 tic ties) like unto a bull rushing from the restraints of his pen, achieved supreme Bud- 

 dhohood ; and this chief of the universe, Kassapo, proclaiming his faith, vouchsafed 

 to twenty thousand kotiyo of living creatures, the first stage of sanctification." 



After a few explanatory remarks on the foregoing passage, the com- 

 mentator again quotes from the text, setting forth the pilgrimages and 

 discourses of Kassapo, by means of which he acquired, as his prede- 

 cessors had done, the three states of sanctification for the living crea- 

 tures then in existence. The commentary then gives the following 

 extract from the Buddhaivanso. 



'* I (Sa'kya) at that period, was one Jottpa'lo, excelling in the mantra, and 

 perfect master of the three wedd, which I used to rehearse by note. I had achiev- 

 ed the knowledge of signs of the itihdso and of divination. I could reveal what was 

 in the earth below, and the heavens above, and was in the exercise of these powers, 

 free from all corporeal ailments. Kassapo Bhagawa had then a certain assis- 

 tant disciple named Ghattka'ro who was treated with great honor, possessed a 

 well regulated mind, and had subdued the dominion of sin, by the virtue of the third 

 state of sanctification. The said Ghatika'ro conducted me to the vanquisher Kas- 

 sapo, and having listened to his dhammo, I entered into the order of priesthood in 

 his fraternity. Pursuing (my sacred calling) with zealous devotion, and performing 

 all my religious obligations without the slightest omission, I fulfilled the ordinances 

 of the vanquisher ; and having thoroughly acquired a knowledge of the whole scope 

 of the Buddhistical doctrines composing the nine ang&ni, as propounded by the van- 

 quisher, I glorified that dispensation of the vanquisher. That Buddho also having 

 witnessed my miraculous attainments thus predicted. This individual will become a 

 Buddho in this Buddhakappo. On hearing this prediction, astonished and delight- 

 ed, I at once formed the resolution to fulfil thenceforth the four probationary courses; 

 and consequently I led the life of a pilgrim, renouncing all domestic affections, 

 and in exclusive devotion to the attainment of my Buddhohood, I consigned myself 

 to that arduous task." 



The commentary then affords the following particulars regarding the 

 personal history of Kassapo. 



" The native city of that Buddho was called B&r&nasi, and the reigning monarch 

 was Kiki/, and Kassapo' s family was resident there. His father was the brahman 

 Brahmadatto, and his mother Dhanawati : his chief disciples were Tisso and 

 Bha'ra'ddwajo ; his assistant disciple Subbhamitto ; his chief female disciples 

 ■were Amila' and Uruwe'la', and the sacred tree of that Bhagawa was the m- 

 grodho. In his stature he was twenty cubits, dazzling like the lightning in the 

 skies, and refulgent as the full moon ; and the term of his existence was twenty 

 thousand years. He who had existed the whole of that period, redeeming multi- 

 tudes of living creatures (from the misery of eternal transmigration), rendering dham- 

 mo refreshing as a pool, and sila like unto fragrant ointment, investing (living crea- 

 tures) with dhammo as it were their vestments ; sprinkling dhammo as it were the 

 flowers of a garland, and placing dhammo before those individuals, who were about 

 to attain the beatitude of nibb&nan as it were a mirror, he vouchsafed to say, behold 

 the perfection (of my dispensation). And converting sila into a cloak and jhdnan 

 into a breastplate, he covered (mankind) with the armour of dhammo, and provided 

 them with the most perfect panoply. Bestowing on them sate as a shield, and tik- 

 hinminan as a sceptre, he conferred dhammo on them as the sword that vanquishes 

 all that is incompatible with sila, investing them with tewijja as an ornament, and 



