1842.] Asiatic Society. 797 



nerally similar to that of O. Galbula, but the shade of colour darker, especially on 

 the head ; beneath throughout yellowish white to the lower tail-coverts which are 

 bright yellow, and lineated with black from the breast ; greater wing-coverts conspi- 

 cuously margined externally with ferruginous, and tertiaries edged with the same 

 towards their tips ; primaries slightly edged with whitish ; and all the tail-feathers, 

 save the middle pair or uropygials, largely tipped on their inner web with bright 

 yellow, contrasting with deep black : bill pale, and feet greenish lead-colour.* 



Anthus Malayensis, Eyton, P. Z. S. 1839, 104. This species, which we also 

 possess from Tenasserim, is, I have little doubt, that insufficiently described by the 

 author cited, who should at least have given the length of the wings to help in 

 identifying a member of this difficult genus. It is, he remarks, the A. pratensis 

 of Raffles, being nearly allied [in plumage,] to A. trivialis, but differing in its 

 larger size. It is also common about Calcutta, and occurs in Southern India upon the 

 Neilghierries, where alone it has fallen under the observation of Mr. Jerdon. 



*Coturnix Phillipensis, Brisson ; Tetrao Chinensis and Manillensis, Gmeiin; 

 C. excalfaloria, Temminck : male and female. 



Ortygis atrogularis. 



* Crex fasciatus ; Rallus fasciatus, Raffles, Lin. Trans. XIII, pt. II. 328. Nearly 

 allied, it would seem, to R. fuscus, Lin. Length eight inches, of wing four and a 

 half to five inches, and tail an inch and a half ; bill to forehead seven-eighths of 

 an inch, and tarse an inch and five-eighths ; middle toe and claw an inch and 

 seven-eighths. Upper-parts deep rufous-brown, the head, neck, and breast, bright 

 dark ferruginous, paler on the throat ; belly, flanks, and under tail-coverts broadly 

 banded white and black, the latter broader in old birds, the former in younger 

 specimens ; wings dusky-black banded with white or fulvous-white. " Bill bluish- 

 black, feet red, irides red." (Raffles.) Younger specimens, or perhaps females, 



* I have obtained the true 0. Galbula in this neighbourhood, and the other Indian and Malayan 

 species known to me are as follow :— 



0. aureus, Gmeiin; to which Mr. Jerdon refers the 0. Galbula of Sykes's catalogue (P. Z. S. 

 1832, p. 87), and also 0. kundoo, Sykes, as the young bird. It closely resembles 0. Galbula, but 

 has shorter wings, and the black facial streak passes beyond the eye: from the nearly allied 

 African 0. auratus it differs in the greatly diminished quantity of yellow upon its wings. Though 

 very common in peninsular India, I have not yet met with it in this neighbourhood. 



O. Chinensis, Gmeiin; 0. hippocrepis, Wagler; 0. acrorhynchus, Vigors, P. Z. S. 1831, p. 97; 

 O. Maderaspatanus, Franklin, P. Z. S. 1831, 118, apud Jerdon, as (doubtfully) the young. Black- 

 naped Oriole. Not common in India, but much more frequent in the countries to the east- 

 ward. 



C. Hodsonii (Hodgsonii?), apud Swainson, v. 0. melanocephalus of India, as distinct from that 

 of Africa styled Capensis by Swainson, who has described a second black-headed African species 

 as 0. brachyrhynchus, while a fourth presenting the same character inhabits the Malay countries, 

 and the O. Traillii constitutes a fifth. Very common in Bengal, and hardly less so, it would 

 appear, throughout India from the Himalaya southward ; extends eastward to China, but is not 

 included in Dr. Horsfield's catalogue of Javanese birds, whereas 0. Chinensis is there enumerated. 

 0. McCoshii, Tickell, J. A. S. II, 577, is the once-moulted male. 



0. leucogaster, Reinwardt; 0. xanthonotus, Horsfield, Lin. Trans. XIII, pt. I, p. 152, and 

 figured and further described in the ' Zoological Researches in Java.' Malay countries generally. 



O. Traillii, Hodgson ; Pastor Traillii, Vigors and Gould ; Psarophilus Traillii, Jardine and 

 Selby. Himalaya, and likewise Ava. In all seven oriental species, of which the two peculiar (so 

 far as I am aware) to the Malay countries, — viz. 0. leucogaster and 0. castanopterus, — are 

 remarkable for their small size. 



