930 Notes, principally Geological, on the [No. 130. 



and tinged of a delicate green by actynolite, are seen in the walls of 

 the small fort here. The produce of the soil is principally cotton, and 

 juari, (Holcus sorghum). 



From Yailbenchi to Devasamudrum, the regur continues covering 



Ceded Districts from the surface of the plain, mingled, in greater or 

 S^bS^S Se S Tuml less P* P or tion, with the angular debris of the 

 buddra. subjacent rocks just alluded to ; except near the 



village of Soganhully, where it is interrupted by a bed of a rich red allu- 

 vial soil, deposited apparently in this low situation by a number of 

 rivulets flowing easterly from the great tank, or artificial lake of Daroji. 

 This rich soil deriving additional fertility from the water to which it 

 owes its locality, produces rice and wheat in addition to other grain ; 

 and also sugar cane. In some places, however, it is impregnated with 

 muriate of soda. A few native salt manufactories, indicated by small 

 mounds on the banks of the rivulets, are visible on the left of the road. 



From Devasamudrum, gneiss with its associated schists, mica, horn- 

 blende and chlorite, constitutes the prevailing rock to the bed of 

 the Tumbuddra. Veins of quartz and felspar cross it in various direc- 

 tions, in which thin seams of an actynolitic felspar, of a lively green, 

 not unfrequently occur. Near Hulhully, on the south bank of the 

 river, a few dykes of greenstone and basaltic trap, containing augite, 

 cut the gneiss in an easterly direction. Calcareous deposits, in the 

 form of a nodular hanker, are seen in the rivulets running down the 

 slopes of the plain to the river bed. The soil is regur, lying upon 

 the gravelly detritus of the subjacent gneiss, &c, with here and there 

 a thin stratum of hanker interposed. The cultivated vegetable pro- 

 ducts the same as before. The plants growing wild on the plain 

 are principally the cassia auriculata mimosas, asclepias gigantea, and 

 the jatropha glandulifera. The last named plant is almost con- 

 fined to the black soil. The banks of the Tumbuddra at this point, 

 are formed by an accumulation of silt, clay, and sand, brought down 

 by the freshes. The bed is covered with a fine red quartzy sand. 



The Tumbuddra is crossed by basket boats to Mustoor, the first 

 Nizam's country from village in the Nizam's dominions. The plain rises 



TumWddratfTawurg! %™ t] Y aS the traveller P r0Ceeds northwards to 

 hirry to Cundigul. Umaluti, a walled village about twenty-four and 



a half miles from Mustoor. Between this place and Tawurghirry, its 



