940 Notes, principally Geological, on the [No. 130. 



ambition, now all crumbling into dust by the Almighty fiat, rapidly 

 shoot up in succession to the view in the distant horizon. I enter- 

 ed the city by the Futteh gate, near which is the breach in the wall 

 made by Aurungzebe's batteries, and rode through a heap of ruins, 

 gardens, and tombs, (literally a city of sepulchres,) which extends 

 nearly to the Shahpur gate, where there is a small bazaar. Beyond 

 it, the elegant mausoleum of Ibrahim Ali Adil Shah, stands at a little 

 distance from the city walls, nearly opposite the western, or Mecca 

 gate, having an extensive garden in the rear. The tall and graceful 

 minarets of this harmonious structure contrasted in their whiteness with 

 dark masses of foliage in the back ground, throw a lightness and airiness 

 over the whole, altogether enchanting. The gilded arabesque work, 

 comprising sentences from the Koran, into which the screen of the 

 mausoleum has been carved, is rudely shattered by the balls fired 

 from the city walls to dislodge Aurungzebe, who had established himself 

 in the mosque behind the tombs. Fascinated by the beauty of the 

 place, I directed the camel drivers to ease their animals of their canvass 

 load, and fixed on a spot shaded by some fine old trees as the site of 

 my little encampment. 



The staple articles of cultivation are red and yellow juari, (Holcus 

 Sorghum) ; bajra, (Holcus spicatus) ; culti, (Glycine tomentosa) ; moong, 

 (Phaseolus mungo) ; thoor, (Cytisus cajan) ; bullur, (Dolichos lablab) ; 

 and white lobey, (Dolichos catiang). These are comprised in the 

 Mungari, or early crops, and are generally sown in June and July after 

 the early showers of the S. W. monsoon, and are reaped about the end 

 of December. Cotton, wheat, white- juari, the castor oil plant, and 

 chenna, (Cicer arietinum,) are the staple articles of the late, or Hin- 

 gari crops, and are almost invariably sown in regur, during the months 

 of September and October, and cut about February or March. A 

 quantity of caradi and kusum, (Carthamus tinctorius,) are sown with 

 the Hingari crops, from which the staple oil of the country is chiefly 

 produced. Cocoanut trees are but seldom seen. In consequence of the 

 almost total absence of tanks, and other sources of artificial irrigation 

 from which a constant supply of water can be kept up, but little rice is 

 sown ; the subsistence of the peasantry therefore is chiefly on cholam 

 and wheat cakes. After reaping, the ryots have a custom of heaping 

 up the straw in the fields, and covering the stacks over with a thick 





