956 Notes, principally Geological, from [No. 130. 



slain in battle, evidently of high antiquity. It consisted of a slab of 

 gneiss placed in a slanting position, on the surface of which a male and 

 female figure were rudely sculptured in bas relief : the former was armed 

 and in the attitude of combat ; the latter, with uplifted hands, seemed in 

 the act of throwing herself into his arms for protection. The relations 

 and descendants place flowers and offerings of oil and milk, as offerings to 

 the manes of the brave : the pious passenger deposits a stone, of which 

 a large heap at the foot threatens to overwhelm the monument and the 

 hero altogether. It is probable, many of the tumuli of loose stones ob- 

 served in many parts of India, cover similar antiques. 



I shall conclude these notes, with a few observations on what I term 



, ,. „ , the great overlying trap formation of Central 

 Concluding Remarks. & J t> f 



and Western India, the southern limit of which 



has been just described, in contra- distinction to the hills and dykes of 



greenstone associated with the granite, gneiss, and metamorphic schists 



of Southern India, which I take to be a distinct and more ancient rock.* 



The overlying trap formation has a south-westerly course ; its southern 



margin terminating, according to Mr. Fraser, near Malwan, in latitude 



15° 53' N. and longitude 73° 47' E. on the Western Coast of the 



Peninsula, and its northern limit between Bulsar and Gundavie below 



Surat, between the 20th and 21st degrees of North latitude. Its 



boundaries at Gundavie, according to Dr. Lush, are strata of clay 



containing kanker. Proceeding southerly on the sea coast between 



Bassein and Surat, horizontal strata of sandstone are seen resting upon 



it, supposed to be identical with the fossiliferous rock of Kattywar, and 



which may be accounted as the newest sandstone formation of India. Still 



farther south at Bombay, it is fringed by a recent formation of coral and 



shells; and N. of Malwan, it meets with the greenstone, granite and sienite 



of Southern India. Thus the western extremity of this formation occupies 



in its breadth, an extent of sea coast approaching five degrees of latitude. 



Proceeding inland in a N. E. direction from the vicinity of Malwan, its 



southern boundary may be described by a line drawn thence through 



* This opinion is chiefly grounded on the relative position, age of associated rocks, 

 and mineralogical distinctions, which are very striking. The zeolites, chalcedonies, 

 green earth, olivine and calc spars so abundant in the formation just described, are 

 never or rarely seen in the trap a little to the S. of the Kistnah. The latter is never 

 seen overlying fossiliferous rocks in continuous sheets, but occurs as dykes in granite 

 and the older stratified formations. 



