1842.] Dhoor a Pass in Juwahir. 1169 



and a very cold wind blowing, which has been the case from the time 

 we marched ; which, added to the glare from a light colored soil and 

 clouded sky, made the march very unpleasant. 



Beyond this, they say there is no firewood procurable, and that we 

 must carry from this what we may require. The distance of to-day's 

 march is, I should suppose, about five miles.* 



We fell in with a party who were returning with borax, who said 

 the snow in the Pass was not more than enough to cover the shoe, in- 

 stead of covering half the body. The Bhoteeas with us also begin to 

 say the ascent is very easy the greater part of the way, it being only 

 steep towards the top, and that it is not so steep as the one we cross- 

 ed between the Raalim and Tola. They gave us a very different 

 account when at Melum, thinking no doubt to deter us from visiting it. 



21th September. — 7h. 45m. a. m. ther. 41°, moist ther. 32.° March- 

 ed 9h. 10m. a. m., and reached our new ground at 12h. 33m. a. m. 

 Specimens distance about six miles. Found some clay slate 

 91 to 103. w ith varieties, and beds of harder rocks. The road 

 continued along the left bank of the river, the (downward) course of 

 which varied from N. E. to N., the general direction of the river from 

 Melum to the Doong cave close to the junction of two streams, (one 

 called the Ootah, E. from the Pass, which comes down from the N. W. ; 

 the other Lusser river, which seems to vary from the N. E. to the East,) 

 is about N. N. E. The fall of the stream to-day is much greater than 

 yesterday ; saw the juniper growing a little beyond our old encamp- 

 ment; but soon lost all signs of vegetation, excepting when we ap- 

 proached the junction of the two streams, when we came to one or 

 two open spots, t where the ground was pretty well clothed with a 



* An ordinary march for a party with loaded sheep is five miles per day in the 

 Passes, and eight or ten miles in the easier ground in Thibet. — J. H. B. 



f Called " Mulla" and " Tulla" (upper and lower) " Sulong." The Booteas 

 generally halt here either for the day, or for a few hours. — J. A. W. 



Near this, I found on my way up to Doong in May 1841, in situ, a specimen of sili- 

 ceous sandstone intersected by a vein of crystalline carbonate of lime, containing 

 impressions of bivalve shells. As far as 1 can judge, the shells are terebratulae, similar 

 to some found by Gerraid in Chinese Tartary beyond Kunawur. This ground will be re- 

 examined with care. Capt. Boys, 6th Cavalry, recently discovered on the range South- 

 east of Mularee in the Neetee Pass, beautiful specimens also in situ, of shells, (either 

 Avicula or Pecten) in secondary limestone. Both Doong in the Juwahir Pass and 

 Mularea in the Neetee Pass, are considerably on the south side of the Boundary Pass. 

 In 1837, (Vide Asiatic Society's Journal, 1838,) 1 stated my confident belief, that 



