1842.] of the Himmalay a Mountains. lxiii 



undulated laminae. This rock is singularly hollowed out, whether by the 

 action of the weather or by the dropping out of the loose materials 

 of veins, that may once have traversed it, it is difficult to say, perhaps 

 the former opinion is the more probable one; and yet as these hollows 

 traverse the laminae of the rock, it is not easy to understand why they 

 should be subject to decomposition so partially. 



132. From Murdal the rocks appear to be of an anomalous character. 

 In proceeding along the declivity of the range which here forms the left 

 bank of the Pabur river, there is an oscillation between gneiss and 

 micaceous schist, the rocks occasionally assuming the type of the former, 

 occasionally of the latter rock. The gneiss appears sometimes to 

 contain clay slate as an ingredient, and in one spot of limited extent, 

 is carburetted in a high degree, this modification was noticed, also as 

 occurring above Gowree Koond, in the valley of the Kalee, (Art. 95.) In 

 the bed of the stream below the village of Twalta, gneiss is found of a 

 legitimate type, dipping to N. E. and having an angle of inclination 

 of from 30 to 40°. This rock continues the whole way to the village of 

 Dorchan, where may be seen some types of a granitic character, but viewed 

 in all their relations, little hesitation is felt to class them as gneiss in 

 general, this character only applies to small portions of the rock, and 

 even there may be seen in the same continuous stratum to pass into 

 the most ordinary gneiss, and often in a distance of a few feet. The 

 laminae of this rock are much undulated, and owing to the arrangement 

 of the materials, it presents a striped appearance, the stripes following 

 a waving outline. In some specimens, I observed the spangled mica 

 at right angles to the laminae, an arrangement that might too hastily be 

 considered characteristic of granite, were it not borne in mind first, that 

 they preserve their parallelism in layers, which the mica in granite never 

 does ; and secondly, that it is an appearance not uncommon in micaceous 

 schist, as I shall hereafter have occasion to shew, contrary to the opinion 

 of one of our first geologists. 



133. In the descent to the Kotee gneiss accompanies us nearly the 

 whole way dipping to the north or a little west of it, the inclination 

 being but little. It is however seen to include a bed of magnesian 

 clay slate, the approach to which is indicated by laminae of that rock 

 being contained in the gneiss. Adjoining the bed of clay slate, is one 

 of quartz rock. The actual junction of these rocks is concealed by 



