82 Description of the Plates* [Jan. 



extent to account for many of the denuded features presented by the 

 geology of Central, and Southern India. The overthrow of the mam- 

 moth, whose gigantic remains have been brought to light in such 

 abundance in Central India by Dr. Spilsbury, may have been occasion- 

 ed by the same cause ; and should signs of upheavement be found to 

 extend at intervals from the raised beach at Chirra Punji, towards 

 Ava and the Chittagong coast, we may be able to refer the destruction 

 of the various species of mastodon, and other extinct animals whose 

 bones are extensively dispersed throughout Burma, to the events which 

 took place at the time of such commotion. When the countries in this 

 direction shall have been farther explored by geologists, we may expect 

 to arrive at more exact conclusions than at present, as to the time these 

 changes took place, and the circumstances of the animal and vegetable 

 kingdoms under which they occurred. 



Description of the Plates. 



MAP.— PLATE VI. 



The geological map of Upper India has been constructed chiefly from 

 the authorities referred to in the text ; its utility will probably consist 

 merely in shewing how much remains to be done in researches of this na- 

 ture. The publications of Buchanan, Heyne, Voysey, Crawford, 

 Davy, and many more recent writers, as Benza, Stirling, Babington, 

 Pemberton, Low, and several others, some of whose inquiries are still in 

 progress, will probably, when carefully examined, afford sufficient materi- 

 als for including the southern portion of the continent in this geological 

 sketch. The want of sufficient information regarding the Great Desert 

 has prevented more being said on the subject than occurs in paras. 142-3 ; 

 barometrical measurements of its levels, and the navigableness of the 

 Loony or Salt River, are objects well deserving the attention of future 

 travellers in this quarter. The delineation of the rocks on this portion of 

 the map has been partly derived from Elphinstone's Journey to Caubul> 

 and Lieutenant Boileau's recent work on the Desert States, which I have 

 not had an opportunity of acknowledging in the text. 



PLATE VII. 



Fig. 1. Fragment of a Phytolithus transversus, from the coal at Sera- 

 rim in the Kdsya mountains. 



Fig. 2. Apparently the mould of a stem found in the shale adjoining 

 the coal measures at Chirra Punji. 



Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7. Several views of a fossil which Mr. Griffith thinks 

 is probably the lomentum of a species of mimosa, found imbedded in the 

 red sandstone on the road between Chirra and Serarim. 



Fig. 3. Found with the above fruit, and is probably a portion of the 

 stem of the plant to which the fruit belonged. 



Figs. 8, 9, 10, 11. Teredinites, found in great abundance in the Chirra 

 Punji sand-stone, on which the limestone and coal rest. 



Fig. 11. From the shale adjoining the coal at Chirra. 



Fig. 12. Shell from the lower beds of the great sandstone. 



PLATE VIII. 



Organic remains from the lime-stone which intervenes between the 

 teredinite sandstone and the coal at Chirra. The same remains are also 



