1 838.] rocks of Girnar in Gujerat, and Dhauli in Cuttack. 225 



" Both here and in foreign countries, every where (the people) 

 follows the doctrine of the religion of Devanampiya wheresoever it 

 reacheth." 



The sight of my former friend the yona raja, (whom, if he should 

 not turn out to be Antiochus the ally, I shall shortly find another 

 name for,) drew my particular attention to what followed ; and it was 

 impossible, with this help, not to recognize the name of Ptolemy even 

 in the disguise of Turamayo, The r is however doubtful ; and I think 

 on second examination it may turn out an /, which will make the ortho- 

 graphy of the name complete. The word rajdno and its adjective 

 chaptdro being both in the plural, made it necessary that other names 

 should follow, which was confirmed by the recurrence of the conjunc- 

 tion cha. The next name was evidently imperfect, the syllabic letter 

 read as gon, if turned on one side would be rather an, and the next too 

 short for a g, might, by restoring the lost part above, be made into ti* : 



I therefore inclined to read this name n A T J- Antikono for Antigo- 

 nus and, assuming that chaptdro was a corruption of chatwdro ' four/ 

 to understand the passage as alluding to a treaty with the four princi- 

 pal divisions of the Alexandrine monarchy, two of which in the time 

 of Antiochus the Great were governed by princes of these names, 

 viz. : Antigonus (in Macedonia) and Ptolemy Evergetes in Egypt. 

 The fourth name however thus remained inexplicable ; while on the 

 stone it was even more clear than the others, Magd. 



Now in the time of Ptolemy Philadelphia, (B. C. 260) his half 

 brother Magas who had married Apame the daughter of Antiochus I. 

 had established his authority in Cyrene and was acknowledged as 

 reigning monarch over a considerable portion of Lybia. A grandson 

 of his, it is true, of the same name and brother of Ptolemy IV. was 

 contemporary with Antiochus the Great, but we do not read that he 

 held any independent authority in the country. It seems therefore 

 more rational to refer the allusion in our edict to the former period, 

 and so far to modify the theory I have lately adopted on prima facie 

 evidence of the treaty of Asoka with Antiochus the Great, as to 

 transfer it to the original treaty with one of his predecessors, the first 

 or second of the same name, Soter or Theos, of whom the former may 

 have the preference from his close family connection with both Pto- 

 lemy and Magas, which would readily give him the power of promis- 

 ing free communication between India and Egypt. I say nothing on 

 the intermediate name, Gongakena or Antigonus, because I cannot be 



* See the lithographed copy of the cloth facsimile, Plate XI. 



