1838.] Account of Marutan and Madurantacam. 405 



ed Tuluva Vellazhar to the present day. Some were brought from the 

 Chola desam, still called Chola Vellazhar. He called from the north 

 certain Brdhmans by birth, whom he fixed as accountants. The 

 Kondai Katti Vellazhar were appointed by him. He acquired the 

 name of Chakraverti from rescuing the people from their troubles. 

 The name Curumba-bhumi was discontinued, the country was called 

 Tonda-manddam ; and common consent ascribes to Adondai the 

 regulation of the country. 



Remarks. The writing of the above paper was a little obliterated, 

 and I think its restoration of consequence ; for it seems to me rather 

 more important than these local papers usually are. We have in it a 

 clear and unvarnished statement of the introduction of the Hindus 

 (properly such) into the country, circumjacent with respect to Madras. 

 The Hindus had colonized the country south of the Coleroon at a 

 much earlier period. The trading from Caveripum-patnam ; the con- 

 quest by Adondai ; the introduction of brahmans as accountants from 

 the north ; are matters confirmed by other papers. The Velazhas of 

 the country hold the traditionary belief, that their ancestors emigrated 

 from Tuluva. The Chola Velazhas are chiefly found in the south. 

 They wear a lock of hair on the front of their head ; not on the back, 

 like other Hindus. The old Tuluva or Hala Canada language, and 

 the Madras Tamil, are very nearly the same language. 



Section 8. — Account of a Curumba fort at Marutan near Cdnchi, in 

 the Utramelur district. 



This fort of mud was formerly built by the Curumbas, covering forty 

 cawnies of ground with two boundary walls, and was long ruled by 

 them. In the time of Krishna Rayer his dependant the raja of 

 Chingleput fought with them ; and, after some time the Curumba 

 chief was unjustly put to death. The Curumbas were destroyed, and 

 Tim ma raja took that fort. He gave it as a Jaghire to one of his near 

 relatives, named Govinda raja. He built two Kooils (or fanes), and 

 established an Agraharam for the Brahmans. 



Note. Timma Rayer was the founder of Arcot as mentioned in a 

 former paper. 



Section 9. — An account of Madurantacam in the Jaghire. 

 This place being the ancient boundary of the Madura kingdom was 

 called Madurantacam (the end of Madura), in proof of which there is 

 an image called Madurai Ghelli-ammen There is also a very ancient 

 Saiva fane. It is said that Nala-ra'ja, in his sorrowful pilgrimage, 

 came to this place ; and, by taking the muddy water of that pool, was 

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