1838.] Brdhuiky, BalochJey and Punjabi languages. 539 



To denote abstraction an is introduced as viatdri asit, one from two and 

 hulidn ditar, blood from the horse ; ustat dud, wishes from the heart. 



To denote donation ne or e is added as ddde yete, give to him. 



To make a noun the instrument of a circumstance ene is added, as zagh- 

 mene, with a sword, from znghm, a sword ; lalene, with a stick, from lat, 

 a stick. 



To make a noun the cause of a circumstance an is added, as tapdn from 

 a wound, the original case being tap, a wound. 



To denote inclusion ti is added to the noun, as Sharti, in the city, 

 from shar, a city ; jangati kaskune, died in battle, from jang battle. 



Position is denoted by adding at to the noun, as da Kasarat duzare, 

 there is a thief on that road, from kasar, a road, speaking of a road as a 

 whole, or by adding ai as Kasarai piru araghase, there is an old man on 

 the road, in the limited sense. 



To denote approach or direction di is added to the noun, as /' Haidrd- 

 badai kawd, I will go to Hydrabad*. 



Superposition is denoted by the addition of d, as huli d } on the horse ; 

 Jcatd tikhakh, put on the bed. 



Companionship is denoted by the addition of to, to the inflected case of 

 the pronouns, as neto bafar, I will not go with thee, from ni, thou. 



Number. 



There are some words that remain the same in both numbers, and either 

 the verb must point out to which they belong, or an adjective of quantity ; 

 for instance huli is the Brahuiky for a horse, and horses can only be ex- 

 pressed by the addition of such a word as the adjective many, as " baz 

 hult" many horses ; or by such a verb as are neighing, tawdr ker, as, the 

 horses are neighing, hult tawdr ker ; the horse is neighing, hult tawdr 

 kek. 



But to conform to old established usage and as the word hull is said 

 by some to have a plural, I subjoin the word, declined through all its cases. 



Singular. Plural. 



Nom. hull hulik. 



Gen. hulina hulita 



Bat. & Ace. huline hulite 



Abl. hulian hulityan 



Declension of a Compound Noun. 



Sharanga narina... a good man. 

 Singular. Plural. 



Nom, sharanga narina sharanga narinaghak 



Gen. sharanga narinana sharanga narinaghata 



Dat. & Ace. sharanga narinaie sharanga narinaghate 



Abl. sharanga narinaghan sharanga narinaghatiyan 



* Whatever name may be given to them, the Brahuikl inflections are evidently 

 nearer to the Sanskrit than those of most modern dialects ; and this militates 

 against tbe derivation of the tribe from Aleppo. Compare the following: — 

 Sanskrit. Brahuiki. 



Nominative S. ah P. &h S. a P. a 



Instrumentive ena ene 



Objective &ya (ne for nouns in i) ai (huline from huli.) 



Ablative at (changeable to an &c.) an and at 



Genitive nah (for nouns in i) na as huli, hulina 



Locative e, i, or tah at ti 



The accusative or second case alone seems wanting, being supplied by the dative 

 or, properly, objective case. The plural cannot so easily be traced unless we suppose 

 bh to be changed to *.— Ed. 



