'Febbuart 10, 1881.] 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



27 



seen. Having expected just about such luck we were not so*' 

 greatly disappointed; in fact, rather pleased, for we did not 

 wish to miss one, and felt then in no condition to be sure of 

 getting in a telling shot even with a good opportunity. 



The next morning, leaving early and taking a different 

 route, scarce an hour had gone before our companion brought 

 down a fine doe. We only saw the one when lie fired, but 

 three others bounded away. This was a flue shot made at 

 ninety paces with a muzzle-loading rifle. After hanging the 

 doe up we commenced to get up on the does we had fright- 

 ened away, and this is an art that the best of us are glad to 

 learn more of and to profit by the secrets of each suceessfid 

 hunter. Having followed these deer for hours, snd moment- 

 arily expecting to see them fly for their lives, the.r astonished 

 us by toe. noise they made coming down the mountain as if 

 chased by a dog. Now or never! They were running 

 broadside to us and faster, it seems, than I ever saw deer 

 run before, probably from the fact that I had seen none for 

 two years. There was no time for delay, but singling out 

 tire largest, calculating on their speed, and firing, was the work 

 of an instant; and such a sight, such a confused tumble never 

 greeted my eyes, though I had seen deer fall from the first to 

 the last day of the season for many successive years. To 

 get a second cartridge into the gun was another moment's 

 time, but the others were gone. The deer did not prove as 

 large as I expected, but I think he made up in speed what 1 

 over-estimated him in size, therefore with the results of the 

 shot I was more than satisfied. 



To a novice the carrying of a deer is quite a task, but by 

 putting it over the head, letting the hind legs come down 

 in front of the right shoulder and Ihe front "legs where the 

 left hand can grasp them, the largest doer can be easily car- 

 ried. After the last shot, night not being far off, and the 

 deer a good ways no doubt, we gathered up our last trophy 

 and retraced our steps to get the one of the morning, and it 

 was not long until we were once more waiting for supper and 

 recounting the incidents of the day. 



The next day brought, us no return for a long tramp, save 

 the sight of three deer at distances too long to kill, and with 

 night, we left the mountain for the day and the season, feel- 

 ing, however, well compensated for the three days' tramp in 

 carrying off under the circumstances the one. 



It has never been our pleasure to gun on the plains, but I 

 doubt if the shooting of an antelope in the open at five hun- 

 dred yards is any more of a task than the killing of a com- 

 mon Pennsylvania red deer at one hundred and seventy-five 

 yards in the woods, provided both are going at the same rate 

 of speed. 



We cannot close without, adding, by way of postscript, our 

 ■wonder if the world at large knows what a blessing moun- 

 tains are. Here is the very spirit of freedom nurturee* the 

 best and noblest-hearted of men are. born, bred and reared ; 

 the difficulty of intercourse with the world preserves them 

 from its bickerings, narrow-hearted selfishness and jealousies. 



Cuil.'/oillr, Lycoming County, Pa. Bbisk Shot. 



F. A. DURIYAGE. 



FA. DURtVAGE was an author, artist, sportsman and 

 .gentleman in the strongest, sense of the words I use. Yet 

 lie has passed away as almost all my boon companions of for- 

 ty years ago— gone so suddenly that 1 scarce can realize it 

 now! (July leu days before his death I received a letter, 

 blotted with his tears, condoling with me over the bitter loss 

 of my little daughter. On my arrival in New York city on 

 February 4 I learned that he' had died on the first of" this 

 month. 



Born in 1814, liberally educated, from his earliest youth 

 gifted with both pen and pencil, Francis A. Durivatre made 

 his way upward and onward, winning friends, fame and a 

 eonipttency, as he went along. As the "Old Un " in the 

 old Spirit of the Times, he wrote many of the finest sketches 

 ever found in that spicy paper. I was associated with him on 

 the Boston Times immediately after I returned from the 

 Mexican war, and from that hour up to his death we were 

 warm friends, constant correspondents when apart, and so as- 

 sociated that no one can better testify to his guileless, open 

 heart, his great talent, his true manhood- 



The little poem which I beg to lay before the readers of 

 the FoiiKST and Stream speaks a volume of the love he bore 

 for his sou, who fell in the service of his country. I have 

 sent the original in manuscript, and a sketch, a" landscape 

 made in Europe, to the Fokest and Stkeam office, where the 

 friends of " dear old Dury " can always see them. This is a 

 copy of the verses : 



ALL. 



There hangs a satire a i>(l there a rem, 

 •■V.lji a ill, I.;.- buckle an,! e.ieei, <a;rli chic n 

 ,,\ pair ot spurs on the old gray wall 

 And a mouldy saddle— well, that is all ! 



come out to the stable l It is not iar, 



The. u»):-;s-oT,iv,Ti. diir,rt=i hanging ajar. 



i.enk u ithiii ! there a an empty stall 



Where once stood a charter— well, that Is all ! 



The, o-ood, Dlaek horse came riderless home, 



flecked wuli blued drops as well as foam: 



See yonder hltloclz Tvaeie dead leave.-, mil. 



The good black horse pined to death— that's all! 



All? Oh, God ! It Is all I can speak : 



question me not ! I am old and weak ! 



His sabre and saddle hanc re, the wall 



And his horse pined to death ! I have tola you all. 



And now the father has gone to meet his son where part- 

 ing comes no more. Art, literature, fond relatives, dear 

 friends mourn their loss; but Durivage can suffer no more. 

 He had been an invalid for years, the result, of a fall on ship- 

 board when returning from a trip in Europe in 1878. His 

 last letter to me, bearing date January 18, contained these 

 woods : 



" I am really afraid to open a paper, my friends are dying 

 so fast. Jas. Oates, "Acorn," Cowdiu, Hon. Chas. P." 

 Clinde, Epes Sargent, and now your darling Irene !" 



Alas, only a few days and his hand was cold in the grasp 

 of death, the eyes that tear-blotted the letter to me in my 

 sorrow arc closed forever. 



God rest thee, noble soul ! God comfort those who miss 

 you! 1 can write hut this— no truer friend ever grasped my 

 hand than he who rests from labor evermore. 



Eagle's Nest, Feb. 6. Ned BtranjNK. 



%ntnml W^ ot U 



Florida, Verinrnelina. — The weather has been so wet and 

 inclement as to preclude all fit Id sports. So we, our does and 

 guns are all rusting together. However we live in hope of a 

 few brighter days before long Game is rather plenty, but, 

 the country rather full of water. Plenty of snipe on our 

 marshes, and I hear of woodcock a few miles from here, a 

 bird that is rather scarce with us; A. C. F. 



THE CHESAPEAKE ZOOLOGICAL LABORATORY. 



rnHE Johns Hopkins University of Baltimore has recently 

 -L published the report of the third year's work of the 

 Chesapeake Zoological Laboratory, covering the summer of 

 1880. 



This Laboratory, of which W. K. Brooks, Ph. D., is Di- 

 rector, has afforded accommodation in the past to a number 

 of earnest investigators, and much good work on the South- 

 ern marine fauna has been done by them. Or. W. K. Brooks' 

 studies on the development of the oyster have a practical bear- 



tg which would com mend them even to those least interest- 

 ed in science During the past summer six gentlemen 

 were at work in the Laboratory ; these were the Director, 

 Mr. K. Mitstikuri, Ph. B. ; Mr. E. B. Wilson. Ph. B,; 

 Mr. F. W. King, A. M.; H. C. Everts, M. D., and H F. Os- 

 borne, Ph. D. The Laboratory was opened April 33, 18S0, 

 and closed September 80, thus being in operation for twenty- 

 ihree weeks. Beaufort, North Carolina, was chosen as the 

 seat of operations for 1880, and in Ids report Dr. Brooks 

 gives his reasons for this choice and some description of 

 zoological interest of the locality. He says : 



Beaufort was selected for our third season's work because 

 it is the nearest accessible town south of Baltimore which 

 is favorably situated for zoological study. The advantages 

 of a location in a town are well shown by the fact that the 

 expenses of a session of twenty-three weeks this year were 

 considerably less than those of a ten weeks' session the year 

 before. 



The scientific advantages of Beaufort are very great ; the 

 most important is the great difference between its fauna and 

 that of our Northern Atlantic coast. 



The configuration of our coast line is such that Cape Hat- 

 tcras, the most projecting point south of New York, deflects 

 the warm water of the Gulf Stream awav from the coast, and 

 thus forms an abrupt barrier between a cold Northern coast 

 and a warm Southern one. The fauna north of this barrier 

 passes gradually into that of southern New England, while 

 the fauna south of the barrier passes without any abrupt, 

 change into that of Florida, but the northern fauna is sharply 

 separated by Gape Hal (eras from the southern. 



As the laboratory of the U.S. Fish Commission and Mr. 

 Agassiz's laboratory at Newport afford opportunities for work 

 upon the Non hern fauna, it seemed Seal for us to select a 

 point south of Cape Hatteras in order to study the Southern 

 fauna with the same iidvaiitaa.es, and as Beaufort is the only 

 town near the Cape which can be reached without chfficulty, 

 it, was chosen as the best place for the laboratory. 



The situation of this town is exceptionally favorable for 

 zoological work, lor the surrounding waters present such a 

 diversity of conditions that the fauna is unusually rich aud 

 varied, 



Close to the town there are large sand bars, bare for miles 

 at low tide, and abounding in animal life. From these we 

 could collect an unfailing supply of Amphioxus, Renilla, Li- 

 mulus, Balauoglossus, Sea, Urchins, and a great variety of 

 Molluscs and Crusia ea. 



The mud fiats furnished us with another fauna, and yielded 

 a great variety of Annelids, a new set of species of Crustacea 

 and Molluscs, Gephyeans, Echinoderms and Polyps. The 

 large salt marshes gave us a third fauna, and a short distance 

 inland large swamps of brackish and fresh water furnished 

 still other conditions of life. 



As the town is situated at the point where Gore Sound con- 

 nects Pamlico Sound with Bogue Sound we were within easy 

 reach of a continuous sheet of laudlocked salt water more 

 than a hundred miles long, and these sounds furnished still 

 another collecting aud dredging ground, abounding in Corals, 

 Gorgonias, Ascidiaos, Star Fish, Sea Urchins, and a new set 

 of Molluscs and Crustacea. 



As most of theshoresare flat and sandy those animals which 

 li vc upon a sandy bottom are much more abundant than those 

 which attach themselves to solid bodies, but the stone break- 

 waters at Fort Macon, the wharves at Beaufort and Morehead 

 City, and the large oyster beds which arc found in the sounds 

 furnish a proper habitat for many fixed animals, and yielded 

 us a rich supply of Hydroids, Corals, a scidians, Sea Ane- 

 mones, Sponges, Cirrhipeds, etc. The ocean beach within a 

 short distance of the town furnished still another fauna, and 

 a sail of three miles from the laboratory carried us to a good 

 locality for ocean dredging. 



The greatest advantage of the locality is the richness of its 

 pelagic fauna. There arc very few points upon land which 

 are so situated that the surface animals of mid-ocean can be 

 procured in abundance for laboratory work, and as careful 

 work is very difficult, on shipboard, a laboratory which can 

 be furnished with a good supply of living pelagic animals 

 presents opportunities for work in an extremely mterestirtjt 

 and almost new field. 



The Gulf Stream is constantly sweeping these animals 

 northward along (he North Carolina coast, and as the tide sets 

 m through Beaufort Inlet into the sounds the floating ani- 

 mals are earned with it. Such oceanic animals as Physalia 

 and Porpita were frequently thrown, uninjured and in per- 

 fect health, upon the beach within twenty feet of the labora- 

 tory, and during the season we found nearly all the Siphono- 

 phoras which are known to occur upon our Atlantic coast. 



With all these advantages we enjoyed a mild and uniform 

 climate which enabled us to work in perfect comfort during 

 the hottest months of summer. 



The zoological resources of Beaufort have not escaped the 

 attention of American naturalists and there are fewplaces upou 

 our coast, outside of New England, whtve more zoological 

 work has been done. In i860 Drs. Stimpson and Gill spent 

 a season in dredging aud collecting in the vicinity of heau- 

 iort, Cape Lookout and Cape Haueras. and an account of 

 their work was published in the "American Journal of Sci- 

 ence." Dr. Coues, who was stationed at Fort. Macon during 

 the war, occupied himself for two years in collecting the ani- 

 mals which are found here, and he published a series of pa- 

 pers on the "Natural History of Fort Macon and Vicinity " 

 in the "Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of 

 Philadelphia." 



These papers, which were continued by Dr. Yarrow, con- 

 tain copious and valuable notes on the habits and distribution 

 ot the animals which were observed, and we found them a 

 great help to us. These two naturalists found four hundred 



aud eighty species of animals in the vicinity of Beau- 

 fort. Of these four hundred aud eighty, two hundred and 

 ninety-eight are vertebrates and one hundred and eighty-two 

 are invertebrates. Of the vertebrates twenty-four are mam- 

 mals, one hundred and thirty-three are birds, twenty-seven 

 are. reptiles, six batrachians, ninety-seven fishes and eleven 

 selachians. Of the Invertebrates one hundred and forty-seven 

 are molluscs, twenty-one ate crustaceans, The list of verte- 

 brates is very nearly exhaustive and we made no additions to 

 it, but the list of invertebrates is obviously very imperfect, 

 and, although wc made no attempt to tabulate the species 

 which wp Observed, (hero would be no difficulty in enlarging 

 the list twenty or thirty fold. 



Among other naturalists who have spent more or less time 

 at Beaufort I may mention Professor L. AgaSsiz, Professor 

 E. 8. Morse, Dr. A. S. Packard, Professor Webster and Pro- 

 fessor 1). S. Jordan. Professor Morse procured most of the 

 material for bis well-known paper on the " Systematic Posi- 

 tion of the Brnchiopoda . " on the sand bars in "Beaufort Inlet. 



The results of the summer's work are briefly touched on in 

 the report. Much valuable work, attended with interesting 

 discoveries, was done on the Crustacea. The embryology of 

 marine Annelids was also studied and considerable time de- 

 voted to the hydroids and jolly fish. Some of the most inter- 

 esting results of the summer's work have been briefly an- 

 nounced in the scientific journals of this country and Europe, 

 and we look forward with interest to the publication of the 

 results in full. 



The following abstracts of a number of the more important 

 points covered by the work of 1880 were published during the 

 past summer: 



The Development of the Cephalopoda and the Homology 

 of the Ccphalopod Foot. By W. K. Brooks. "Atuer. Jour- 

 nal of Science." 



The Development of Annelids. By E. B. Wilson. 

 "Auier. Journal of Science." 



The Kliythmical Nature of Segmentation. By W. K. 

 Brooks. " Amer. Journal of Science." 



The Origin of the Metamorphosis of Actinotrocha. By E. 

 B. Wilson. Amer. Assoc, Boston Meeting. 



Notes on the Medusa; of Beaufort. By W. K. Brooks. 

 Amer. Assoc, Boston Meeting. 



Budding in Free Medusae. By W. K. Brooks. "Amer. 

 Naturalist." 



Development Of Marine Polyclnctous Annelids. By E. B. 

 Wilson. ' ' Zoologiseher Anzeiger." 



Embryology and Metamorphosis of Lucifer. By W. K. 

 Brooks. " Zoologiseher Anzeiger." 



The Early Stages of Ucnilla. By E. B.Wilson. "Amer. 

 Journal of Science." 



THE FLORIDA RATTLESNAKE. 



Oivlalun -Adamanteut. 



A YOUNG naturalist from Cincinnati, Mr. D., was 

 t\. wounded March, 1875, near Port Orange, Volusia Co., 



Florida, as follows : 



lit; had killed a very large snake, over six feet long, and 

 cut off its head intending to take it home in alcohol, in or- 

 der to make it safe to carry he proceeded to stuff its mouth 

 with cotton so as to bury the fangs ; this he did with a slick 

 six or eight, inches long while the head lay upon the ground. 

 As he pushed in the cotton the head gave a spasmodic spring, 

 and one of the fangs scratched the "end of the right thumb. 

 Mr. D. directly tied a cord tightly about the thumb, and 

 called to his companion to open the flesh with his knife, this 

 was done, and the thumb was sucked to extract as much of 

 of the poison as possible. He then sent to the nearest house 

 for whisky, and walked to the hotel perhaps half a mile. 



No whisky, however, could be obtained for more than an 

 hour. When it came Mr. D. drank a pint or more, but it 

 and Mr. D. never having used spirits 

 u swallowing it. A doctor had been 

 ne. From the tightness of the liga- 

 be confined to tiie end of the thumb 

 After Mr. D. had drank all the 

 ho removed the ligature fearing the 

 ested circulation. As soon as this 

 ymptoms appeared, nervous depres- 

 hile the hand and arm be- 

 genn arrived, who 

 ent y sinking. He^ave more whisky, 

 idote prepared by Powers & Wigbtuian, 

 using volatile liniment on the limb. 

 He was of the opinion that the patient would not have sur- 

 vived another hour but for the antidote and the additional 

 doses of whisky. 



Alter this Mr. D. began to rally, and when I saw him a 

 week later he thought be would escape with the loss 

 of the thumb, in about two weeks after the accident 

 Mr. P. arrived at New Smyrna on his way home. The arm 

 was bi a sling, and was stillswolleuand somewhat discolored. 

 The end of the thumb was sloughing off. Mr. D. told me 

 that all the whisky he drank, probably near a quart, produced 

 not the slightest intoxication, although he had scarcely ever 

 tasted liquor before. 



The snake was in the moulting state, when it is blind and 

 particularly venomous. Mr. D. thought that if the bite had 

 been inflicted by the living animal anywhere except on one 

 of the extremities that death would "have ensued in fifteen 

 minutes. He has killed and prepared many rattlesnakes, and 

 was aware of the danger of handling them, but supposed 

 that this one was dead and harmless. 



Another instance of the same kiud was told me by the 

 sufferer, a powerful and athletic man, who being on a hunt 

 in Turnhill's Swamp, near New Smyrna, shot a large rattle- 

 snake which was lying across the path. Taking the snake 

 up by the neck to remove it, its weight was so great that the 

 hand of Mr. L slipped and a finger was scratched by one of 

 the fangs. Mr. L. tied a cord about the wrist and started 

 for the hotel to procure whisky. He was about two miles 

 distant, and before he had gone half a mile he was so sick 

 that he had to hang up the deer which he was carrying. 

 Presently he Was obliged to leave his gun and lie down, and 

 it was with the greatest difficulty that he reached the hotel, 

 where he drank a bottle of whisky before any symptoms of 

 intoxication appeared. In this case, as in the other, the pa- 

 tient was wholly unused to spirituous liquors. 



Ammonia was also administered, but his arm was swollen 

 and useless for a week, and it was many weeks befor.fi he 

 fully recovered, Willi youth, health and" a vigorous consti- 

 tution to assist him, he barely escaped with his life from this 

 scratch- The species of rattlesnake found in Florida is 

 larger and more venomous than those of the North. They 



vas very bail liquor, 

 found much difficulty 

 sent for in the meanti 

 lure the venom seemed t< 

 which had become Mac], 

 whisky he could swallow 

 death of the part from ai 

 was done constitutional I 

 sion and difficulty of bre 

 gan to swell. In about six hours the 

 found the patient ev 

 and also thcFrencha 

 of Philadelphia, also 



