March 17, 1881.] 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



133 



tlKit euaased 

 to so press th 

 hardoned. am 



ictcr until it was a shapcles". mass, and 

 lo loivcr ttiB instrument that h he up 

 together uutil it resembled a bar of 



•nth oji tho Fish Hank.- AVt 



DO "qiTNN'AT" SALMON TOIL AFTER SPAWNING '. 



Ciiahlestown, Feb.. 2fi, 1881. 

 "Editor Forest and Stream : 



1 tool; much pleasure in reading in Forest and Btkeam of Feb- 

 ruary ,!. Mr. Ihnn's eonimi.na atiou in regard to tho tiuastiin 



Ownicha a/3 I believe we imirt call it now, i dies alM Spawn- 

 ing, Mid I was glad La see the totter because it opens up it 

 subject concerning irtiush ] have been deairews for sometime of 

 presenting some testimony, which 1 fool; considerable pains to 

 eolleet. it relates to the Csliloruia salmon that go up t!.o Mc- 

 Clium River in the summer to i-pawu. Iu publishing this testi- 

 mony. ] wish to remind vour readers that it is given bj [udhUH 

 who, with tWrwicentbrs., have watched the salmon of foe river 

 in question i rom time untnemo rial, and by tha white lumi who 

 have lived the longest on the river, and also, to ok.ll your readers' 

 attention to thefaet) that their testimony is givou iu a decided, 

 unhesitating and unequivocal manner; 



1 BuUmit to vour reader* whether ibo witnesses are. not the ohm 

 who know most about this Kiibjoct, and also the only ones who 

 know- about i| positively and at liiv.l hand. What can San Fran- 

 cisco gentlemen, like my respected, friend Mr. Dnnn, be expected 

 to know personally about the bal.iis of fish in a river .that they 

 never saw or never visited more than once Or, twice in taeil lives - 

 and what is the weight oi their testimony compared with th*t ol 

 those who have lived on tho spot all, or a large portion of, theii 

 lives? 



With these preliminary reirnirks I will bring forward my wit- 

 nesses, merely adding that tn. ii testimony was given without any 

 leading tiaasmn un mv part or anything to indicate u, them in 

 advance what was wauled of th.-ir information. The question I 

 •imply tins : " What do you mippo-e becomes of 

 go up the MeClond River iu the surauier to 



put to l.b 

 the Hiilm 

 spawn f." 



"Their answers wore as follows : 

 Testinaony Of Myron Um:,,, Mr. 

 Ushermau at the United States Fiehe 

 lived nearly the whoie of that time on 

 been very observant of the habits aud n 



i th 



beeu the head 

 . vears, aud has 

 ! river. He has 

 tsofthesaimou, 

 inns feu catching 



,nd understands thoiu thoroughly. Hellas 

 lish and for learning their, wis. 



Br. Green answered : "/ am certain that all the salmon die 

 that go tip the river in the summer to spawn. There is no doubt 

 about it. Thev cannot possibly get back to the «ea iu the condi- 

 tion thev arc. hi after they have spawned. So far from Bettini? 

 back to the ocean, 1 do not'hclieve they could live a single day in 

 the intervening warm water of the ilaiu Sacramento." 



Testimony of James A. Hiehardson : Mr. Richardson is a New 

 Eugland man who has hold responsible positions at the United 

 State* Fishery on thejBcOloud for the past four vears, and baa 

 also been in the employ of the State Fish Commission for several 



Mi. Richardson answered: "There is no doubt that the 

 summer spawning salmon all dio. None are soon going back 

 alive, while immense numbers of deud aud dvmg salmon are seeu 

 in the river and on the bank*. 



Testimony of Mr. Augustus l.rzehnishj : Mr. Lozchniskv has 

 spent seasons on the Met -loud nulling for salmon with a seine and 

 working at the United Mates Fishery, 



Mr. Augu-tusLcXchui.-liv.ne-wcicd that "he had no doubt that 

 niue'y-niue per cent, of the sjjavfiirag salmon died. He admitted 

 that one in a hundred might get away alive." 



Mr. Jacob Lezebnisl.y, his son, who bus always accompanied his 

 father while salmon lushing on the MeCIoud, coiihrniod his 

 father's opinion. 



Testimony of Mr. Iknry Hlrz : Mr. Hirz lives on th a bank of 

 the MeCIoud and has worked at the United Status Fishery for 

 several years. 



Mr. Hire answered : ' My opinion is that all the salmon die afttr 

 spawning." 



Testimony of J. li. GampMJ. : Mi . Campbell is an intelligent 

 and very observing man and the oldest, permanent resident of the 

 EeCkmd River, 



Mr. Campbell answered : 



" I have been on the Little Sacramento and tlio MeCIoud Rivers 

 for twenty-three years, and have dune a great, deal of hunting and 

 fishing, aud watched the salmon on their Spawning grounds, i 

 think that all the salmon die that coiuo to the Mel 'loud Itiver to 

 spawn. They come so far from salt water, and the ffatbl wht re 

 they spawn is so cold, that when they get through spawning and 

 start to go down through the warm water of the main river they 

 are 'so much exhausted and covered with fungus, and have so 

 many parasites in their gdis. that t.hev most die, though I think 

 that there are thousands of them that get back from tlio main 

 Sacramento, as they spawn in warmer water, and the distance they 

 have to go is not so far. 



" 1 have, been here since 1856, and have done a groat deal or 

 spearing, and have, made lish a, study, and also have beeu working 

 at the U. S. Fishery for five years, and am engaged in the business 

 of taking trout spawn, so that gives me a good chance to notice 

 all the movements oi' the salmon. The reason that I think they 

 don't return is that the distance is three hundred miles to the 

 ocean, or more, and that is too much for them when they arc so 

 nearly exhausted aud covered with fungus and their gills are full 

 of parasites," 



Testimony of Jeff Davis ( hnlian): Jeff Davis is one of the 

 most intelligent of the McCiund River Indians, and has lived on 

 aud about the river all his life. Ago, about thirty years. Jeff 

 answered : " I think that all the salmon die and sink' to the hot- 

 bom of the river or float against the shore where the bears eonir-s 

 down to eat them." 



Testimony of J\~rneherru : Keucherra is the most intelligent 

 Indian woman on the river, and has spent her whole iifo on its 

 banks. Age about thirty. 



Kenehorra answered : "I think that Jeff iS right, and that all 

 the salmon die. I town ttuy all die." 



Testimow/ of thu McGloml Hirer ImUo:,*. ■» »■ rn'l/ : (Jol-choo- 

 !oo-loo. an old chief and a. verv s.asacior.i .n.m. Niimtalmv. Biilio. 

 Teff, Short .Tim, Charley Nichols and many Dthor intc.lligej r In- 

 dians were, asked the same question, viz. : "WhfttfceEoinse of 

 the salmon that go up the MeClond iu the summer to spawn V" 

 and they all gave the same answer that Jeff Davis and Keucherra 

 gave. They were unanimous in. saying that all the salmon dint. 



The 



Ool-choo-loo-1 

 went hack to th 



The answers given 

 men, who know more 

 else living. Indeed, n 

 bined. Their tcstimr 

 eimivoeal. It is sup 

 testimony of all the I 

 Could anything be mor 



IdedjoKi. 



lore are the testtr 

 out the MeCIoud si 

 o than all other liv 



thought some of them 

 f six white 



THE PlSCrVOBOUS MINK'.— A tragedy in one act. 



Scene — The trout ponds and hatchery of Thomas Claphatn, Ros- 



lyu, Long Island. 



Scene 1— Chorus of infantile salmon 1 

 strength : behold, we are a mighty host 



i— 20,000 young salmon with the sac i 

 In numbers 



Enter mink -Air : ■• See, the Cououeriu;; Hero Comes." 



Alaiums and excun ions within tiud exit mi 

 Vi'U. liei." 



Scene 2 -Time, mormug— Enter riapham- Soul;- •• W]„i\ he, n 

 here since I've i.e. n gone..- 1 " '-Ah, villain! What' AUmyprOtty 

 chickens at one fell swoop . " Echo. — " No. not all, onlyh-.df; 

 behold, ten thousand yet reuiain." 



Claphani— "What, ho! without, there! Steel traps, I say!" 

 Chorus- "Fee. lie, to, film." 



Scene 8—Tiaie, ie-.t morning Ruler < 1-u.liam -Chorus of sal- 

 mon: "We are saved!" Ciapham — " Uehold. he ruuie like a 



thief, but he couth out as the iupredifula of a i V. Oh. my 



salmon ! Tf mv foresight had equalled my hindsight this great 

 grief would not have I alien upon us. —Curtain. 



DAMAGE TO THE SALMON BREEDING RANCH.-A cor- 

 resiiondent from the Sacramento /.'..: writing from Redding, Cai.. 

 Feb. 11, savs: "Toe Uttltod States salmon fishery was es : 

 tablished on the MeClond River fthoul .-ix veins ago by l-ivirigston 

 Stone, Deoutv Cuitcd States Fish Coniin'issii.iier oi' the Racine 

 coast, and upon his recommendation the hull. hug- i.. , ■• , sol ■ for 

 the prosecution ol preparing the eggs for tin- stic.ons ol our owe. 

 aud othei countiies were put three feet higher than the highest 

 mark indicated for high water by the Indian- w I, . li 

 .MeCIoud long befoiv the face "of a white iv.«n wh.- ever .ecu. 

 For a few davsbel'oie the 2d instant .1 -n wed vorv heavilv on the 

 mountains that contribute their * 

 on I he 2d it rained heavilv. and oi 

 ter had risen Iweiiiv-ine feet a! 



,-et hla 



thai 



to the MeCIoud River tribe i 

 protect the pn.pcrtv of the ( 

 liv fastening the l.uildnigs wit 

 swift current, in its rapid Irai: 

 in its way. The breakwater. 

 tloodS afforded no protection, 



In 





MeCIoud, a rhcr wlioso tianks 

 which will admit of its giving « 

 which, in tlie opinion of ui.uv, 

 rise, but of this the writer know 

 to the United sun.- lUherv. ex. 





.; i il 



■ ttl Ulond . 



1. -. m.. the 





iter marl 



. and eleven 





,'■! India 



i belonging 



. '1 





were lert to 



', >' 





the* could 





iu_ b 1 B 



iks, hut the 







ug Etandtng 









Iv 1 



inldiiig 1 



it standing 





-iin.it. d 



unci, higher 



'oi. 



;ned on 

 d by in 



aocomit of 



es. Oil th. 



■ ; ." ' 



ncd 



1 a nan 

 much 'to 



re and s. il 

 land slides, 

 the -lid. leu 





•ytlu 



v '- 



wheel thai fu. ill-hod the 

 the wheel, was. swe pi do.vn tin ■ ri er. The loss to 'the I'hoern- 



«hieh .Myron Creen has charge, nustaiuedslightdauiage.hu!, is 

 uitaet. 



SMi'.l.i'S I'HH FRESH WATER.-Mr. N". K. Fiiirbauk hafl or- 

 dered one million smelt frv from Haekensaek, N. ./.. l.,r (h- 

 Lake, Wis. Th« hatching will soon begin and ns soon as the hide 

 fellows me able to stand the journey out) of Mr. Fairbaiik's n>< p. 

 will come East for them. 



%/(e fennel. 



April], at. Columbia, Teim.— (lose of entries, National Ameri- 

 an Kiinual Club's second American Field Trial Derby. Joseph 11. 



vorkciiy -"Westminster Kamclfjiini 



'iilh Annuiil lieiuii Slmw, Ana ■•; ■ .,-, h.-fuii- Itiiii.liiig, I'hlril nve- 



IKeilll.lMMVthiOtsll.-ri. Ultl.e-cl'se .\|. n | 1 ;. ,■ i,.. s lineelll. 



aioeioi,!!..!.-,,!, .No. ;.:s iM.ho:, siuei.or P.O.BOX 1, .in., .New Vurk 



i'y. 



THE BEAGLE. 

 [Adescription^of what the heaglowas like ill the early part of this 



rpi 



sthu 



edinthe.' 



(f/;j 



partielca 



tiou of hound, .i 

 sess the property 

 certain atmusphe 



soortinglv termed scent: and this, acting upon the olfactory irrita- 

 bility of 'the dog so hunting, o.-. a-i. n= -uch an ex.uii.,;r. -cia-.n, . n 

 oi pieasure licit it tTViperativtly extra. -Is, a jovl'ti' vocilcration irorr, 

 every individual, which in the aggregate Bbiatitules what luuiboen 

 from time immemorial exnltmglYcilIci the , .-Lhilaiaii'ie .-■:-.- ol the 

 jovial pack. - ' 



Previous to the present improved state of hnnling and polish of 

 Beld sporis packs of beagles wore frequently seen in the possession 

 of gentlemen whose age or infirmities prevented their enioyment 

 of sport of a different description ; hut iu proportion to the. grada- 

 tiona) improvements made in the different kinds of hound-, accord- 

 ing to the diffofbut chases they were intended to puiaie- ,-p.- ,- ; ,■.,.. , 

 attachment to beagles has been observed to d.ehne. The\ are the 

 smallest of the hound race nsedin this country, are exquisite in 

 their scent of the hare, and indi .-fatigably vigi oi in their pursuit 

 of her. 



Though wotidori'uliy uiferior in point of speed, yet equally ener- 

 getic in persevering pursuit, they follow her through all her v ind- 

 ulge; unravel all her mazes, explore Icr labyrinths, aud by the 

 scent alone trace and retrace her footsteps io a degree of admira- 

 tion ll.at must be seen to he properly understood, String all which 

 the soft and melodious tone of their emulous vocileratn n seems to 

 bethemost toedommant indaaement to the well-known mtatic 

 nlcasurc.s of the chase. 



This slow laud of hunting was admirallv adapted lo the aged and 

 the feminine gender, if could he enjoved hv ladies of the gieatest 

 timidity as well as, gentleintn laboi'mg under inflrmitv, tb 1 tj il 

 whom 'it was a consolation that if thev were occasionally a tittle 

 way behind there w as! lasoly a p.wsi! ali tv ol their being thrown 

 out. Apackof this description was perfectly accom icdating to 

 the neighboring ruslics: the ma p.r part of those not being possess- 

 ed of horses found it a matter of un ::ieat dilueultv t-. lY ",,,■,; r-„ 

 with theai on foot. The spirit of emulation seemed fori, criy to 

 be who should produce the greatest de-roc. uf merit in the smallest 

 compass, aud. packs were to he seen iu dtf' ' 

 diminutive description. 



Among professed amateurs ovorv effort 

 feciion, and these indefatigable endeavor* 

 with BiioceSB. Reaglos were almost uniformly so well matched 

 that they did not exceed ten or eleven inches iu height, and so 



dwitll ashect;"aiid't!usalon.;'is'rhe prc- 



incritin thes 

 nt parts of th 



imatlo toattai 



doiuiiiautlra.it of celel 

 great or small. These, though 

 if the scent lies well a hare i 

 this to the object, of pursuit mi 



"■the 



;et. i 



Sills 



Tlio Humorous and diversified crosses in the different breeds of 



both beagles and hound according to the views, wishes and inclina- 

 tions of those who keep them, have so complicated and variegated 

 that particular part of the species that a volume might be produced 

 in describing the various sorts and sizes, as thought best adapted to 

 the soil and surface for which they are bred anal intended to hunt, 



old, heavy, deep-tongued. dewdnpprd, southern hound of 

 re (Where the huntsman, with his long pole, hike 



northern ha 

 kill their game n> a bnr,.t of half an lion 

 degree of rapidity but little inferior to ci 

 The breed of' hounds now pas-ing 

 of harriers have been brought to their p 

 by a repetition ol I lOBfica between the la 



ing acceptation of the t. rm. are not lo b 

 with harriers, to i horn. aHiioiigh tbey r. 

 properties, thev arc much inferior in si 

 idea may be Formed of the original beag 

 transaction is introduced from the most 

 The late Col. Hardy had once a colli 



:■ the. denomination 

 state of perfection 

 nd foxhound for the 



mild 



description, lor a small barn, having been s e time appropriated 



to the purpose of a kouucl, was one night broken open and every 

 hound, as well as the panniers, stolen, nor could the most, diligent 

 search ever discover the least trace of the robbers or their sporting 

 appendage; 



THE RLNVH-LEGCED BEAGLE. 

 J'he following letter has been sent us for publication : 



NO. 28 W'I.si'Mom'.MINT SiUKET. 1 



Bm.timoke, Md., March 7. ) 

 R C. ConNKi.i,, Eso . Sec. W. K. (.'.: 



vour coming bench show v'uu ignore, bv failing to I rovide a 'class 

 for. the bcii.h-leggud beagles, a di-tiuct and numerous family in 

 this State, well WOrUiy. a recognition „, any :,,-t-, :..-- -h-.w 'and 



the Gordon setter or the Chesapeake I'.av dogs. etc. By Ibis action 



Pittsburgh and judged by Dr. Twaddell, of Philadelphia, who is 



M\ hen ill :■-. d'b.':,::';'.''s have 1 e'.-u s'.'i.'cie l"a i.d i'li'lV li . in the 

 best "of kennel-, commencing with Katie, imported bv Charles W. 

 Ranks. Esq , Anne Aniudel Co.. Md. Katie was hied to Mr. S. 

 Link's impelled Smart bv Mr. Ranks, and 1 purchased of him Dyke 

 and Hell, of that litter, aud thev are now I be finest field beagles I 

 ever folluwod. Dvke was second at Pittsburgh to Major, a dog I 

 had bought aud sold. 



i :• an- hair a dozen or more packs of bench-legged I (agios 

 within u radius. if ten miles of this citv. notwithstanding the cards of 

 interested newspaper scribblers that'thev never beard of such a 

 dog, and, judging from their ignorance" iu Hie matter, I should 

 doubt it they ever owned a puro-bred dog of any kind. I have also 

 the English,' or straight-leg beagle. Among them, two imported 

 bitches, Lulie P. and Lula. just' returned from Detroit, Mich , una 



' the 



' type 



few 



■1 blood such as a d: 



nd that it was alloye 



edin England with 



mi/. -dates it Ihcrc. 



ting dog, is superior to the, 



i. F. A. Bond, who, in a letter, 



io hunt his pack caught thir- 



t I ha 



irted. 



ml haaty maun 

 Hoping to hei 

 agio, 



i this imperfect 



Hoitiii 



egged 1 



Editor I'Wrest and Stream •' 



I notice in theFnansr u,D S 



fully, T. Ci.ay M-U'htu-, JI. D. 

 Haw Maiim;t, Md., March 7. 



lafee tho 

 s to know 

 n if this 



uch 

 ■nty 



means lj(t%- v,. : ii> a g 

 by Elisha Giiit'her, Rei 

 I got my d 



th. 



V I he 



bred hv Harry W. Dorsov 

 md others oi this comity, an, 

 ired in its puritv by their son 

 logs.solong I think I am a eo 

 ittle about them. 1 again 

 .eagles, without a taiut o: 

 itate that for lox-htiuting 

 nodern beagle, and in no w 

 joing slower, and for this rei 

 hey do not kill their game a 

 d both at Pitts 



Stm 



ed do ( 



mid not v 

 idard, which 



•. II. 



W . 1 1 Waters, 



the s 



tick has beeu 



IhlM 



ig bred these 





ght to know a 





solutelv pure 





«ill further 





e.ptnl of the 



,\cep 



as lo speed, 



by i 



..me of us, ns 



to-dt 



v both tvpes. 



the 



time that the 





judged by tho 



iid.utof 

 3 ih.y are 

 ral at tho 

 upfirison, 

 our dog 

 im. I do 

 outs than 

 . quicker. 



Wail a while 



hort. cgs am] then you may ho 



oil'" (he. frank, 



competent authority. As yoil now staud y 



Ni-.\t lime come out and sign your name iu full : don't play hid 



and seek under a nam ilj- plmne, Poi iisom; DoniiKi. 



CI' 1,1' TOR CUN-SliVNICSS.— Hi 



1 fact I hat few breeders will 

 deny that all blue blooded dogs, the l.aveiaek Better iu pciiiculai , 

 are as a nil- >.,,sivcly nervous ; and, unless great care is ob- 

 served iu training, are apt lo he guu-.sbyor bolters. 1 1 is .-ol'e-l.y 

 discouragiug to tho sportsnutii alter bunging a well-bred dog 



