332 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



[May 26, 1881. 



was employed, and when a bird took the (ly ii would sail off 

 in the air and uil'onl a novel experience to the angler. They 

 were all released inrrojuier], and soon after their 'liberation 

 joined the flock and began their gyrations as if nothing had 

 happened. 



A Naw Game Pis, 

 takimr of 

 for sport. Tliis re 

 It Bays! "KvH'r 

 near the whiMiii, 

 paired to this pine 

 rees are numerous 

 sion. The require 

 must be taken 

 wire, and (In- augl 

 hook, which is strom 

 flsh is landed. The 

 stJDgare,cs vary in w 

 arc very powerful, !: 

 game, and at times c 

 Only a small portion 



ir. — The Sal) Francisco Call records the 

 •>," dhtfliee sting rays, Trygon ccntmra, 

 lit be done on the Atlantic coast as well, 

 sport may he had in Richardson's Bay, 

 post, at Saneclito. Those who have re- 

 in the love of fpOrtreporl thai stinga- 

 Hid that the fish affords excellent diver- 

 finte for success are a stout line, and care 

 ) li;;v.' the hooks properly affixed to 

 must further providehiinselfwith agafl- 

 g-ty tied to a short pole, with which the 

 water at this place is shallow, -mil the 

 eight from, five to forty pounds. They 

 ike the hook freely, and are exceedingly 

 ause the line to whizz through the reef. 

 <>f the flsh — the fins — are good eating." 



Minnesota Bass Fisiij.mi -Plllfibury, Minn., May 7.— 

 Magnificent black bass, wall-eyed pike and pickerel fishing 

 here now. For the above species of fish 1 believe this to be 

 the besl locality in ths United States.— J. Fkask Looke, 



SM gnUme. 



[Continued from pnge 811.] 

 EPOCHS IN TBE HISTORY OF FISH CULTURE.* 



BY PROF. O. BROWN OOODE. 



XX. ] so.?- -Be, /i.i >■, [noser* fish OuUureintfu United 8tale*.— In 

 1803, Dr. Theodatus Garlieh and Prof. II. A. Aekley, of Cleveland, 

 O., succeeded in artificially propagating tho brook trout (Satvelinui 

 fontinatis). 31ns may he considered as the beginning oi lish cul- 

 ture in America, though thero is some reason in the claim of Kr:v. 

 Dr. Baohman, of Charleston, S. <' , who has published au accDuut 

 of ('\pciiiiii:iis successfully carried out, in ISM, upon the corporal 

 enrporalis) and the trout, Bachui; ' 



I.i' 



relation tothehistoi 



r An 



r.!i-l 



•ultn 



that thoso of Dom Pinchou bear to those of France. Dr. Bach- 

 man's results were published in 1855, tho.-c of Dr. Gariickiu 1857. 

 [Mii.ner : Hep. U. S. P. O., Part II., p. 533. Gaulick, Ohio 

 Farmer, 185?]. 



In Mi-, antler's excellent paper on " Tho Progress of Fish Culture 

 in the United Slates " mav be found accountH of tho experiments 

 of other pibnbors-, Ki.-llog A- Chapman in 1X55, Miilk-r .V Brown in 

 1637, Ainsworth in I85'.i and Scth Green in lsi',1. The experiments 

 of Captain V !■:. Atwood in 1*60 are also deserving of prominent 



In 18 



the 

 hatol 



mors, 1856). 

 .ik. bj (In: Apph-tons, a treatise 

 . in connection with the publica- 

 (I Acklev's wiirii in 1X57, ami tho 

 u-sion in the sumevcar, to which 

 ic ossayof Jules Maimer, had a 

 levclopment of public interest in 

 js.te. too, were in the bauds of 



■ i„nn.— luFobruarv, 

 ,t <■.;... orgQOi?ea bvthe Belgian 



i-r. Ii.iiii.'; b'cen scot, in Nuvcm- 

 tho subject of fish culture tbere- 



sfc GuUim in Holland.— In 185*, 

 fishery coniniissiou. unci set up a 

 at Hois unci Wiss. |M..i.in : op. 



S fnuiidcd 



tho Zoologi- 

 ,ful hi tho culture of 

 it do sea Dongeueres 

 terdam— Amsterdam, 



mg apparatus m Ins palace 

 cit.. p. 8.) 



In i860, a fishenltiu-al establish 

 cul Gardens at Amsterdam, whic 

 salmon. JTJk. Hunt: La Culture 

 ei In Ksicnltnre an, Jardui Zoolo 

 1872. Bow ik'N-Hiianm.j.it . op. .il . p, 215. 1 



\SIII. 1-51- ■l:,.ii„nh»i* Of Btish Oulturein Hnssia.-lu 1854, 

 V. P. Viasski. after studying the French literature of lish oulturo, 

 nuulo experiments on the eggs of the eel, pout and the trout, and 

 after independently discovering the process of dry impregnation, 

 in 1800, established an extensive breeding station id NiekolBky, iu 

 tho province of Novgorod, which was afterward extensively sub- 

 sidized bv the Russian Government. |Soi;d.\kf.viiv. i Report of D. 

 S. Fish Commission, Part If., 1853, p. 504.] 



Alarge government establishment was rounded in tho province 

 of Suwalki, iu 18G0, breeding trout, salmon, and sovoral specie* of 

 wbitefinh. [Ibid, p. 512.] 



XXIV; 1856— Boqinnings of Public Fish Ortllurc in Vie 

 United Mates. Massachusetts Fish Commission.— May 1G, 



1850, the General Court i 



"to I 



■dill 



such farts respecting thesititiciii 

 to show the practicability and ra 

 into the Commonwealth, under t 

 E. Atwood, one of tho commissic 

 and succeeded in fecundating, tl 

 He also made observations upon 

 in contemp'ation their art ilicial | 

 Iisbed a report Kiving a resume 

 and a translation of Jules Haim 

 Jim.r Monde*, Public opinion w 

 the substantial enoouragemenl p 

 1865 that Massachusotti 



pies 



of 1 



■nt l.:i 



.it . 



ited three com- 

 eport to tbo'noxt General Court 

 1 propagation of flsh as may tend 

 pedicucvof introducing (lie same 

 he protection of law." Capt. N. 

 mors, experimented with tin trout 

 ough not in batching, their eggs. 

 tho breeding of mackerel, having 

 iropagatiou. The committee pllb- 

 of past progress in fish culture, 

 6'b famous essay in the »eo«e "•» 

 us not. at tliis time, quite ripe for 

 [ fish culture, and it was not until 

 bed its ri-h commission upon the 

 lissioners appointed under resolve 



xxv. : 





/ fi/V/ie Hussion Xethodot I'm li,i). 



■eonn- 



Won.— Mr. V.P.' 





a Kussiun fish oulfcorist, diseoNered, i 



11856, 



thedn . 





gnation, not publishing his results 



how- 







imeora similar m. tb..d ... 



.ed fay 



rjarlVig'l f- ■■•-i 





7. | WiLNElt : op. cit., p. 540.] 





XXVI. 1857— fi 





/ .il SOI 1 '■' .."".' '(!■'( A.'." 



tmnp- 



shire InOctobc 





the artiticial propagation 



c.f lish 



was made to the 



Genei 



1 Asseml.lv of Vermont bv Mr. Geo 



ge P. 



Jlarsb, At almo 



^t. the .■ 



mie time a similar report was made 



U> the 



Legislature of N< 



w nan 



pBhire by Mr. A. H. Boblnson. The 



se had 



an mulonbted ell 



jet on l 



.ubiic opinion, and led to the eff 



irts at 



ltepiTi in:- ■ r 



1.111 stl 



earns whicli shortly followed. fVEu 

 thorifv of the Leghbdure of Vern 



ont'on 





!l-|l 



i,.f lish, bv Georee 1'. Marsh. Tinrli 



ugton. 



mpre 



of New ITiv 

 lated the 



.sported I.i 



) to Lake 



!iill,rini'ia.lL 



. in 1858 the' oxperinieut'ivas repeated. Ni 

 are reported. [Eepoit V, S. F. C, n.. pp. 534-545. Report of 

 Commissioner ol Pi-dents for 185!), I860, p. 227.] 



XXTIU. 1857— l-'irs; A1i.'„i,J ol P, op,-,,;,,',,,,, ../ .I.oiv Trim!.— 

 In the. same manner, in 1857 and 1863, Messrs. Mrdier k Drown 

 transported several millions of lake trout eggs. No results are 

 reported. [Beport C, S. P. C, 1. c] 



■' "tempt at Propagation of Pike-Perch.— 



Iu May. 1857, Messrs. Muller A- Brown obtained fertilized eggs 

 of pikc-pereh, mid planted (hem iu Lake Haltenetall. They are 

 supposed to hove been destroved by the fall freshete. rReport U. 

 S. P.O., I.e.] 



XXX. 1B62 — Firft Attempt to Introduce Sahnoninto Australasia. 

 —This attempt was made by Mr. H: 1(. Francis, from England to 

 Tasmania, and was a failure In 1864, and in subsequent years, 

 1 1869 to 1876 manv hundreds of 

 [Report N. Y. F.'O. H., pp. 7- 



3 found. 



itedsalnior 



24; VI.. pp. 810-23.] 

 XXXI. 1861— Pirst Breeding of Salmon in America.— In 

 " huBton, of New- York city, hatched out 

 n New- York city tho eggs of salmon pro- 

 None of the fry were liberated. [Nonnis: 

 p. nil 



Green applied to the French Establishment 

 llmon eggs, and received 5,000, which died, 

 rh OustSn) House. 



:sM)lisKmmtQf the Green Hatching Ihmsi: 



le first American lish cullurist who carried 



uoiitablo. |NoRRis:op. oit., 



u tho studio building i 

 ured by him in Europe 



imcricai, Fish Cnllure. 



In l8SS,itbsaid,Setl 



du lish . 

 ' XX X I 





r Hampshire Fish Com- 

 mission. — In 1865 Honry A. Bellows and W. A Sanborn were ap- 

 pointed Fishery Commissioners and Dr. W. W. Fletehnr, of Concord, 

 N. H., was sent, by tbo Stale Legislature to Canada to obtain Balmon 

 eges. This was the first practical move in public fish oulturo iu 

 America) though Massachusetts, as has been seen, made a pre- 

 liminary step ten years before. [Milkeh: 1. e., p. 543. Report of 

 the Select Committee on Fisheries, li<65. Reports of tho Commie- 

 sionors'on Fisheries made to the Legialature of New- Hampshire. I., 

 18|-)fi;H.. 1867; III., 186S: IV., 1860; V., 1870; VI. 1871: VII., 1872; 

 VIII., 187M; IX., Is-.-i; v . 1875.; M., 1876; XII., 1877; XIII., 1878: 

 XIV., 1879: XV., 1880; XVI , 1881 | 



From 1866 to 1879 the State of New Hampshire appropriated 

 822,688 for purposes of public fish culture.* 



XXXIV. 1865— Establishment of (he Fish Commission of Per- 

 m,mt. —In 1865 the Fish Commission of Vermont was established, 

 Albort D. Hagor and Charlos Barrett being appointed commis- 

 sioners. 



Prom 1871 to 1879 f 7.800 was appropriated for purposes of pub- 

 lic fish culture. [Reports of the Fish Commissioners of the State 

 of Vermout. I., 1866; IL, 1867: HI.. 1869; IV., for 1871-2 (1872)- 

 V , 1873-4 (1814); VI., 1870: VII., 1877-8 (1878); VIII., 1879-80 

 ,lssn,.l 



XXaV. 18f.5-P?>st Effort nt Propagation, of Codfish.— In 

 March, 1865, Prof. Or. O. Surs, then engaged in investigating 

 the codSsheries of Ihe Lofoten Islands, Norway, succeeded in fer- 

 tilizing and hatching the eggs of the cod. This appears to have 

 been the first attempt to propagate sea fish artificially. [Rep. r. 8. 

 F. O. V. p., 583.1 



XX XVI. 1H65— Beginning of Fish Culture in Aus/r' 



1865 I ho Gc 

 and in 1878 every i rov 

 own breeding eslabli 

 0. 8. I'. O., Tart II. , p. 

 XNNV11. 1%G-Estal 

 ticul.—In 1866 the Fish 

 F. W. Russell and Henr 

 era. From 1868 to 1880 

 if pi 



i:-it;7 



sstablishmont at Salzburg was founded, 

 ice in the Empire waB provided with its 

 ament. [Botxhon Brasdeley: Report 



lissionofConnec- 



ommissionot ConueoticiU was established, 

 (' BobmBon being appointed Commission- 

 K3,S0ft was appropriated by tho State for 

 dtiu-e. | Reports of the Commissioners, I 



II. , 1868 ; III.. 1SG9 : IV., 1870 ; V.. 1871 ; VI., 1872 ; VII,, 

 ~ 1874; IX.. 1875; X., 1876 ; XL, 1877 ; XII., 1«78 ; 



1N73 ; vin. 



.XIII, 1879 : XIV., 1880.] 

 XXXVlIf. Establishment of the Pennsylvanit 

 in i -.■;.; the Pennsylvania Commission wasori 

 ular commissioners were appointed untU 1871 

 rail was elected bv the Legislature to that o 

 1880 tbo State has appropriated >-!)!l.t30 for pu: 

 iilturo. [Reports of tho Coi 



ho Inland IV-heri 

 1". S. Pish OllltUM 

 V.. 1876 (1877); VI 

 XXXIX. 1866- 

 of Fiil,crus.—Thi 

 Fisher v Commit*! 

 Commissioner w. 

 XL. 1867-77, 



Fish Com,, 



firtfibti 



inized, but 



no reg- 





is Wor- 



ice. From 



1873 to 





he fish 



the Restore 



tion of 



nt 



i ll\e Un 



lias 



1871)) IL. 1871 (1872); [aoo Report 

 HI., 1873 (1874); IV., 1871 (1875); 

 V1L, 1878(1879).l 

 /..)i( of llic Canadian Commission 

 if Canada this year established its 

 is since, under tho direction of 

 icrtonnod such efficient service. 

 of the First Hutching Establish- 

 Tub ,i' Fish Vulture, — Although 

 d, was first to take 

 earns, Massachusetts 

 hatchery for 8had at 

 -. [MH..NKU : op. cit.. 



In- 



stall 

 its st 



activo measurcB toward restock 

 in 1807 again took tho lead, establish: 

 South Hadlev Falls on tbo Con 

 p. 5-12. Massachusetts Ueporta.] 



Xl.l. ls.;7— The Invention of the Selh Green Shad Box.— 

 While operating on tho Connecticut Liver in 18C.7. Mr. Sell, 

 tiicen devised that form of floating hatching box, with wire bot- 

 tom, tilted at an inclination toward the current, which bears his 

 name and which has been so extensively used in shad hatching in 

 all parts of the Pnii-d States. |Mii,>-"ek: op. cit, p. 543. Rep. 

 . .;„. Fish-lies. 1868, p. 35, pi. 11.] 



XLIL 1867— Stmeeasful J',\,pu</ation of the. Shad. — Tho 

 shad was ibis veur snocessfulh- propagated at South Hadley, 

 Mass., by Mr. Beth Green, working in behalf of tbo New England 

 Commissioners, and at his own expense, though the apparatus 

 was provided. This was the first attempt to propagate any mem- 

 ber of the herring family. |Mn.Ni'ii : 1. e., Mass. Reports, "11. c] 



|TO HE CONTINUED.] 



A NOVEL SHIPMENT OF CARP. 



LAST Saturday the Pacific Mad steamer Oolon took out 

 thirty carp for Ecuador, hi charge of Mr. Aguirre. They 

 were sent by Professor Eaird through Mr. Blackford, of 

 the New York Fish Commission, and as after their arrival 

 in Ecuador they will stdl have a ten days' journey to the 

 plantation of Signor Jijon, near the city of Quito, npou the backs 

 of Indian carriers, they required special cans for their transporta- 

 tion. 



Those cans are made of strong tin, flattened on one side to tit a 

 man's back, with places for the strap, which passes across the In- 

 dian'*: forehead, from which they depend, They are covered with 

 felt and have perforated wooden covers to protect them from the 

 tropical heat, and, when filled with water, will weigh one hundred 

 pounds. The water will not be changed from the time of leaving 

 New York, but will be aerated by dippers, Mr. Aguirre accompa- 

 Djingtham to the end of thou- journey, Messrs. Hoadley & Co., 

 the New York agents, having given them overy facdity on ship- 

 board. This is the greatest teat yet attempted in fish transporta- 

 tion, and we will watch for reports of the result with great inter- 

 est. Ten days' journey on tho backs of men, in a tropical climate, 

 is enough to break down the endurance of even a carp. 



CARP IN CALIFORNIA.— I have taken much interest in your 

 articles on the growth of earp in America. I made the assertion 

 about nine mouths ago iu a Sacrimeiito paper that I believed that 

 we could beat the world on their growth. I will cite an instance or 

 two. We have plenty of them that at twenty months old wdl 

 measure fifteen inches in length. I let one man have two small 

 carps eight months old. and at the age of twentv months they were 

 twenty-one inches Icsng and w eig lied five pounds. Now this and 

 similar results are very flattering to the carp producers, and it 

 shows those who are aquainted with the carp about what we may 



'For the statements of amounts appropriated hy the several States 

 given hi this, and oibei- Instances 1 mn indented to Mr, Charles W, 

 Smiley. 



I (al- 



oxpeet rrom them. Yet I hardlv think that these si; 



though partly beyond contradiction) properly sel tlu.._ . 



minds of those "nnaquainted with them. I fear they will eipeat 



rather too much. I think from experience that about . 



for each season is a fair average growth, at least that is about what 



I obtained, although I idwavs have been over-stocked since the 



first season. 



With the sanio number of fish to the samo urea I think we can ob- 

 tain one-fourth or at least ono-eighth more pounds bore thau they 

 can in Germany as my carp hardlv ever go into winter quarters. 

 This may bo tho reason of it. Levi Davis. 



REPORT OP THE MISSOURI COMMISSION. 



THE first report or the Missouri Fish Coi 

 naturally small, tbo bill creating the c 

 a little over a'vear old. Ttaov report au hier 

 part of the people of the State, in their work 

 lisbes of the State were becoming scarce in pi 

 They complain, however, that tho protect 

 everywhere, a not unusual complaint, in Sta 

 teclion is new and where tho people have i 

 rospoct public rights to lish and game, and 

 Slates where they have had years to bece 

 After examining many springs, with 

 hatchery, they finally established one 

 what is callod tho " Brown Spring," about th 

 somli, m limit of the city of St, Joseph, on conditio 



ng only 

 •a-e.i interest, on tho 

 ..and tbo fact , inil the 



• 

 ivo laws am violated 

 tea to which lish pro- 

 not been educated to 

 1 common enough iu 

 thus educated. 

 few to establishing a 

 Buchaoau County, on 

 is south of tho 

 that ten acres 

 of land on which tho Bpring was situated bo couveved, iu fee 

 simple, to the Fish (.'on, mission. The citizens of St. Jnaoph very 

 liborally contributed §1,000, and bought, the land and presented il 

 to the Commission. Mr. 0. n, Browned, a llsbculluiist, lately of 

 Michigan and formerlyiu the employ of the New York Commisfion, 

 was engaged as superintendent, and the work begun. 200,000 

 eggs of tho California salmon were obtained from Prof. Bajrd, 

 batched and distributed. Live brook tioul for breeders were 

 bought and placed in Kebicht's Pond, in Pulaski County. 



In tho appendixes "An address to the people of Missouri by the 

 Fish Commission " gives a copy of tho fishery laws and an appeal 

 to support and obey them, a list of Misnonrl food lishes, etc., aud 

 letters from Prof. Baird aud otbera oil the subject. The Missouri 

 Commission aro evidently on the right track, and have done well 

 in Securing a practical man iu Mr. Browned to do tho work. 



WHAT TO STOCK WITH.— We have just, finished making a 

 lake which is about 380 yards long and 85 yards wide, varying in 

 depth from four and one-half feet to one foot. The bottom IS niud 

 and gravel. It is fed by a running brook aud runs out over draw 

 gates. What fish aro best adapted to stock, the Water with,, and 

 to whom Bhould we apply for thorn? Wo want a lish (bat will 

 give us good spoil to catch them in (hue. We are told (b.u Her- 

 man carp would bo best, but we prefer vour opinion in tho matter. 

 -J. 8. II. 



If your pond is cool cuough in cummer try brook ti-ont. For 

 them it should uot rise above seventy degree's. If not rigfit for 

 them try carp. Your pound is not deep enough for black buBS. 

 Bead the artielos on carp breeding in Our la. I touriBsuos. For 

 trout apply to any trout brsedor, and for carp to E. G. Blackford. 

 Fulton Market. New York. We know netbiiiKof tbesporling quali- 

 ties of carp, if thoy have any, but old writers credit thorn with 



Cl-'.NIHAI. 1'lsHOULTfTRAL SOCIETY .- We have repub- 

 lished, hi pamphlet form, tho papers and discussions of tbo Cen- 

 tral l-'islieiiltiu-al Society at their last meeting in Chicago. Tbo re- 

 print contains, iu handy form, much matter of permanent value 

 to tisbcultiirisla. Six copies have boon maded to each member, and 

 to others it will bo sent postpaid on receipt of price, 5!) peats. 



—Those of our friends who nuiy desire reliable informa- 

 tion and advice ns to investments in stocks and securities 

 will do welt to consult, cither in person or by imnl, Mr. 

 Prank Blydeuburgh, of No. G'i Pine street, Auw York. 



||7jr£ gmnel 



FIXTURES. 



Pa. 



September at St. Louis, Mo. 

 Pencil -show. Clmrlcs Lincoln 



is lolur 1 a; Nev. York City. 

 l-n.-ii-i.-oiiiuii ncc on ThMiiks<<i 

 l). BOX 274, New York City. 



EASTERN FIELD TRIALS CLUB lit' LES. 



WE republish such of the rules of thi 

 thoir laat mooting. The other, re 

 lishodinourissneof Mav 12 : 

 Rous 2.— The judge or judgi 

 id thoir 



possible after thoi 



selei 



club as wore amended at 

 ^illations remain as pub- 

 selected by the Executive 

 ioly announced as Boon as 



: of lie entries. 



Whoi 



vouted from attending a meeting or finishing it, the Executive 



Committee shall have the power of deciding nlnl is to be done. 



Hum-; It.— A natural bye shall be given to the lowest availablo 

 dog in each row. No dog shall run a second bye in any stake 

 unless it is unavoidable. When a dog is entitled to a bye, either 

 natural or accidental, his owner or nominator may select any avad- 

 ablo dog to rim off the bye from tho beaten entries iu bis stake, 

 if required by the judges. 



Rule Pi.— Every dog must bo brought up iu its proper turn 

 without delay ; if abaeut for more than twenty minuted its op- 

 ponent shall be adjudged the. winner and entitled to the heat, imd 

 shall in that case run a bye. If both dogs be absent at the expira- 

 tion of twenty minutes from the time of call to run by the judge 

 or jndges, haid judge or judges shall have tho power to disqualify 



both dogn or fine the i uersau; I not. to exceed the amount o'f 



ten dollars. 



Ritle 16. — It way Babsciibet, his deputy or handler, openly im- 



pngns th« action oi de:-.- ,o-|s , .] Ule indge or judge;," duriny the. 



Rule 17.— When two dogf 

 of confederates, r.hall icniai: 

 shall be considered divided, i 

 of the two dogs, induce tha 



i for the deciding trial, the stake 

 algo if I be owner or deputy of one 



ar ox ieputy of the other dog to 



If howe 



either do; 



iniu 



[ fr, 



of winning, tho other d, „ 

 of the case being clearly proved to t 

 judges. This same rule shall apply 

 main at the end of a stake t 

 division between three or mpri do« - 

 to the same owner, the.se latt , all i 

 of the total amount won by then i 

 terms of aiiv arrangements to divid 

 anv money given to induce the own, 

 bedeelai-ed to the Secretary. 



ROTE 20.— Dogs shall be drawn in hraoes by lot, and run in 

 heats, and the Leaten dogs to bo retired I except »s hereinbefore 



ill 1,1)0 division The 

 igs, and tho amount of 

 dog to draw him must 



