

FURNARIN-E. 



At the entrance, which is on the side, there is a partition that reaches nearly to the roof, and terminates circularly in 

 the inner chamber, where are deposited, on a bed of feathers or fine grass, four eggs. The united pair defend the 

 approach to the nest by cries and threatening gestures. 



1. F.rufus (Grael.) Vieill. — Turdus badius Licht. ; Opetio- 

 rhynchus ruficaudus Pr. Max. ; Figulus albngularis Spix, A v. 

 Bras. t. 78. f. . 



2. F. figulus (111.) PI. enl. 739.— Opetiorhynchus rufus Pr. 

 Max. ; Furnarius melanotis Swains. 



3. F. rectirostris (Pr. Max.) Beitr. iii. p. 679. 



4. F. leucopus Swains. Two Cent, and a Quart, p. 324. 



5. ? F. griseus Swains. Two Cent, and a Quart, p. 325. 



6. ? F. longipennis Swains. Two Cent, and a Quart, p. 350. 



7. ? F.fasciatus Swains. Two Cent, and a Quart, p. 351. 



ClNCLODES.* 



Bill of various lengths, slender, much compressed on the sides, with the culm en slightly arched to the 

 tip, Avhich is entire ; the nostrils basal, lateral, with the opening longitudinal, narrow, and covered by a 

 membrane that is partly clothed by the small frontal plumes. Wings long and rather pointed, with the 

 first quill much shorter than the second, which is rather shorter than the third and fourth ; these are 

 the longest. Tail long, broad, and rounded on the sides. Tarsi rather longer than the middle toe, and 

 covered in front with broad scales. Toes long and slender, with the outer toe longer than the inner, 

 and united at its base ; the hind toe as long as the middle toe without the claw, strong, and armed 

 with a strong claw. 



It is in various parts of the continent of South America, that the species of this genus are scattered. These birds, 

 observes Mr. Darwin, live on the sea beach, whether formed of shingle or rock, and may occasionally be seen walking 

 on the buoyant leaves of the Fucus giganteus at some little distance from the sea shore. The pebbly beds of large rivers 

 sometimes tempt a solitary pair to wander far from the coast, and others frequent the borders of lakes. They seem 

 occasionally to wander inland, for they have been observed in the stony arid valleys of the Cordillera, at a height of at 

 least 8000 feet, and even in open desert places in which a few bushes grow, or in open grassy plains. When on the 

 ground they hop about quickly, and often change their place by a short flight. Their food consists of insects, small 

 crabs, and minute shells, which they usually search for among the refuse of the sea weeds and leaves, &c, that are 

 thrown on the shore by the sea. Others may be noticed turning over and picking the dry pieces of dung, and they 

 occasionally feed on seeds. The notes of these birds are very acute, and consist of a shrill cry quickly reiterated, so as 

 to make a running sound. Mr. Darwin states that the nest which he found was placed in a small hole in the roof of a 

 deep cavern, not far from the bank of a pebbly stream, and another was found in a small hole beneath an old tree, close 

 to the sea beach. They were composed of coarse grass, and were untidily built. 



1. C. patagonicus (Gmel.) G. R. Gray. — Motacilla gracula 

 Forst. Desc. Anim. p. 324., Icon. ined. 160. ; Furnarius chilensis 

 Less. Tr. d'Orn. t. 75. f. 1. ; F. Lessoni Hum.; Opetiorhynchus 

 rupestris Kittl. Mem. de l'Acad. St. Petersb. i. t. 8. 



2. C. vulgaris (D'Orb. & Lafr.) Syn. A v. ii. p. 22., Voy. dans 

 l'Amer. Mer. Ois. t. 57. f. 1. 



3. C. antarcticas (Gam.) Ann. des Sci. 1826. p., Pern. Voy. ii. 



p. 20 Furnarius fuliginosus Less. Voy . de la Coqu. Zool. 



p. 670. 



4. C. nigrofumosus (D'Orb. & Lafr.) Syn. Av. ii. p. 23., Voy. 

 dans l'Amer. Mer. Ois, t. 57. f. 2., Voy. of Beagle, Birds, pi. 20. 



5. C. montanus D'Orb. & Lafr. Voy. dans l'Amer. Mer. Ois. 

 t. 56. f. 1. 



6. C. andcecola D'Orb. & Lafr. Voy. dans l'Amer. Me'r. Ois. 



t. 56. f. a. 



7. C. inornatus Less. Rev. Zool. 1840. p. 267. 



8. C. palliatus Tschudi, Faun. Peruana, p. 21. 



9. C. dumetorius (I. Geoffr., D'Orb.) — Upucerthia dumetorum 

 D'Orb. $ Lafr. Av. Syn. ii. p. 20., Voy. of Beagle, Birds, pi. J 9. ; 

 Type of Upucerthia I. Geoffr. (1832). 



10. ? C. ruficaudus (Meyen), Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. xvi. suppl. t. 

 ii. — Type of Ochetorhynchus Meyen (1834). 



* Established by me 

 and Ochetorhynchus (IS 



n 1840. CiUurus (1844) of M. Cabanis 

 34) of M. Meyen. 



synonymous. It embraces Upucerthia (1832) of M. Isidore GeofFroy, 



