Order II. PASSERES. Family II. Turdiwe. 



The second Subfamily, 



TURDINiE, or Thrushes, 



have the Bill as long as, or longer than, the head, and strong, with the culmen curved, and the sides 

 compressed to the tip, which is generally emarginated ; the Nostrils lateral, and placed in a small groove, 

 with the opening exposed : the Wings moderate ; with the first quill very short ; the third and fourth, 

 and sometimes the fifth, the longest : the Tail long, broad, even, or graduated : the Tarsi long ; and 

 covered with an entire scale, or several broad scales, in front : the Toes long ; the outer toe longer than 

 the inner, and united at the base ; the hind toe long and strong : the Claws moderate, curved, and 

 acute. 



Ch.etops Swains.* 



BUI moderate, with the culmen curved, and the sides compressed to the tip, which is emarginated ; 

 the gonys long and ascending ; the nostrils basal and lateral, with the opening placed in a large mem- 

 branous groove, linear and exposed. Wings very short and rounded, with the third to the sixth quills 

 equal and longest. Tail moderate, broad, and rounded. Tarsi longer than the middle toe, strong, and 

 broadly scutellated in front. Toes moderate ; the outer toe longer than the inner, and united at its 

 base ; the hind toe long and strong ; the claws small, curved, and acute. 



The typical species of this genus is an inhabitant of South Africa. 



C.frenatus (Temra.) PI. col. 385 ChiEtops Burchellii Swains. 



Zoothera Vigors, f 



-Bill elongated, curved, and strong, with the culmen curved, and the sides much compressed to the 

 tip, which is hooked and slightly emarginated ; the gape furnished with weak bristles ; the nostrils 

 lateral and placed in a small groove, with the opening oval and exposed. Wings rather short, and 

 rounded ; Avith the first quill very short ; the second much shorter than the third, which is rather 

 shorter than the fourth and fifth ; these are equal and longest. Tail rather short, and even. Tarsi 



* Established by Mr. Swainson in 1831 {Faun. Bor. Amer.). Argya of M. Lesson (1831) is synonymous. 



t The late Mr. Vigors established this genus in 1831 (Proc. Zool. Soc. 1831, p. 172.). Myiophaga of M. Lesson (1831) is coequal. 



