Order II. PASSERES. 



Tribe III. Dentirostres. 



Family IV. Aimpelidjj, 



The second Subfamily, 



PIPRINjE, or Manakins, 



have the Bill moderate or short, and rather depressed, with the base very broad, the culmen curved, and 

 the sides compressed to the tip, which is emarginated ; the nostrils lateral, and more or less hidden 

 by the projecting plumes ; the Wings moderate and pointed ; the Tail very short and even ; the Tarsi 

 more or less long and rather slender ; the Toes long and rather slender, with the outer toe united to 

 beyond the second joint of the middle toe, and the inner slightly united. 



Phcenicircus Swains.* 



Bill broad at the base and rather depressed, with the culmen arched, and the sides compressed to the 

 tip, which is slightly emarginated ; the gonys short and advancing upwards ; the nostrils basal. Wings 

 short and convex, with the first three quills equal, and the fourth much shorter, emarginated and 

 narrowed for some length. Tail broad and nearly even. Tat^si short, equal in length with the middle 

 toe, covered in front with transverse scales, and feathered on the inner side. Toes long, the lateral toes 

 unequal, and the outer more united at the base than the inner toe ; the claws large and curved. 



The species of this genus are found in the warmer parts of South America. 



1. P. carnifex (Linn.) Swains. PI. enl. 378., Levaill. Ois. 

 d'Amer. t. 37, 38., Edwards' Birds, pi. 39. 



2. P. nigricollis Swains. Faun. Bor. Amer. p. 4g,l. — Ampelis 

 carnifex Spix, Av. Bras. t. 5. ; Ampelis Merremii Less. ; Phceni- 

 circus atrococcineus Lafr. 



Pipra Linn.-\ 



Bill short, rather depressed and the base broad, with the culmen curved and the sides compressed to 

 the tip, which is emarginated ; the gonys short and ascending ; the nostrils lateral, with the opening 

 partly closed by a membrane, and concealed by the projecting plumes. Wings short, with the quills 

 narrowed and the two first quills shorter than the third and fourth, which are the longest. Tail more 

 or less short and even, sometimes with the middle feathers prolonged. Tarsi moderate, longer than 



* Mr. Swainson [established this genus in 1831 {Fauna Boreali Amer: 

 with the name employed. 



| Established by Linnaeus in 1766 (Systema Natures). Manaeits of Brisson (1760) 



:, p. 491.). Carnifex of Chev. Sundeval (1836) is coequal 

 iynonymous. 



