Order II. PASSERES. Tribe III. Dentirostres. 





The fifth Family, 



LAJYIIDiE, or Butcher-Birds, 



have the Bill more or less long, strong, and straight ; with the culmen curved, and the sides compressed 

 to the tip, which is generally hooked and emarginated ; the gonys long and ascending ; the gape 

 sometimes furnished with short bristles : the Wings moderate, and rounded, or pointed : the Tail more 

 or less lengthened, and usually rounded : the Tarsi strong, and more or less long : the Toes moderate ; 

 with the hind toe long, and broadly padded beneath : the Claws long, curved, and very acute. 



The first Subfamily, 



LANIINiE, or Butcher-Birds, 



have the Bill moderate and strong ; with the culmen curved, and the sides generally much compressed 

 near the tip, which is mostly hooked and emarginated ; the gape sometimes furnished with short 

 bristles ; the Nostrils lateral, and rounded : the Wings more or less long, and generally rounded : the 

 Tail of various lengths, and usually rounded : the Tarsi rather short, and strong : the Toes rather long 

 and strong, with the lateral ones generally unequal ; the outer toe the longest, and united at its base ; 

 the hind toe long, and broadly padded, 



Tephrodornis Swains* 



Bill moderate, generally straight, with the culmen curved, and the sides compressed to the tip, 

 which is hooked and emarginated ; the gonys long and ascending ; the gape furnished with rather long, 

 slender, bristles ; the nostrils basal and lateral, with the opening rounded and concealed by the 

 projecting bristles. Wings moderate and rounded ; with the fourth and fifth quills equal and longest. 

 Tail moderate and emarginated. Tarsi longer than the middle toe, strong, and covered in front 

 with broad transverse scales. Toes moderate ; with the outer toe longer than the inner one, and 

 slightly united at its base ; the hind toe long, and broadly padded ; the claws long, compressed, slightly 

 curved, and acute. 



* Mr. Swainson established this genus in 1831 (Fauna Boreali- Americana, p. 482.). Keroula of Mr. Gray (1833-34) and Tenthera 

 of Mr. Hodgson (1837) are synonymous. This latter name was changed by its proposer to Creurgus in 1841. 



