OF ARTS AND SCIENCES. 125 
the stamens upon the stipe of the ovary. Stipules none. Flowers 
usually showy, perfect or not infrequently polygamous. 
* Calyx subtended by 1-several pairs of bractlets: flowers solitary or often 
aggregated in close heads: seeds flattened and attached by the face: 
embryo nearly straight. 
1. Dianthus. Calyx tubular, 5-toothed, finely many-striate. 
Petals 5, with long claws; the blade entire, emarginate, or several- 
toothed. Stamens 10. Styles 2. Capsule 1-celled, dehiscent by 
4 valves. Leaves narrow, often connate by narrow scarious mem: 
branes. Flowers commonly showy. 
2. Tunica. Calyx turbinate or cylindrical, obtusely toothed, dis- 
tinctly 5-ribbed, or sometimes 15-ribbed. Petals 5. Stamens 10. 
Styles 2. Flowers considerably smaller and habit more slender than 
in Dianthus. 
* * Calycine bractlets none: seeds laterally attached: embryo curved. 
+ Styles 2: capsule 4-toothed or valved: introduced plants. 
3. Gypsophila. Calyx turbinate, tubular or campanulate, 5- 
toothed, herbaceous only in the middle of the segments, the interme 
diate parts being scarious. Petals 5. Stamens 10. Flowers mostly 
small, paniculate or scattered, rarely aggregated. Capsule rather 
deeply 4-valved. 3 
4. Saponaria. Calyx tubular or ovoid, 5-toothed, terete with 
numerous faint veins, or conspicuously 5-angled. Flowers showy: 
Petals 5. Stamens 10. Capsule dehiscent at the apex by 4 short 
teeth. 
+ + Styles normally 3; capsule opening by 8 or 6 teeth: calyx commonly 
10-nerved, rarely «-nerved. : 
5. Silene. Calyx 5-toothed, campanulate, subcylindric or turbi- 
nate, either inflated or becoming distended by the maturing capsule, 
10-cc-nerved. Petals usually appendaged at the summit of the claw ; 
the blade ‘variously toothed or divided, rarely entire. Stamens 10 
Styles 3 (very rarely 4). Stipe of the ovary commonly developed. 
The capsule 1-celled or somewhat 3-celled at the base. Flowers soli- 
tary, racemose, or cymose-paniculate, 
+ + + Styles 5 (rarely 4), alternating with the petals when of the same 
ber: calyx teeth short, not foliaceous. 
6. Lychnis. Calyx ovoid, obovate, or clavate, 5-toothed, 10- 
nerved, inflated or not. Petals with or without appendages ; the blade 
entire, emarginate, bifid or variously cleft. Stamens 10. Ovary ~ 
celled, or divided at the base into 5 (rarely 4) partial cells. Capsule 
iscent by as many or twice as many teeth as there are styles. 
nun 
