496 PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY. 
Knowlton, no. 231). A few specimens, cited by Dr. Britton under 
E.. Engelmanni, I have not seen, but some of them may well belong to 
this variety, which is not recognized by him. 
' Var. robusta. — Figs. 41 to 44. — Culms stout, about 3 dm. high: 
the pale oblong-lanceolate heads becoming 2 cm. long, 3.5 or 4 mm. 
broad: achenes distinctly larger than in the other forms, the thicker 
tubercle less flattened, resembling that of Z. obtusa, about one third as 
high as the achene: bristles as in the species. — Missouri, Montier, 
where it is said to be common, June 30, 1894 (B. F. Bush, no. 589); 
Springfield, 1889 (J. W. Blankinship) ; pond, Lawrence Co., June 19, 
1890 (W. J. Spillman) ; ravines in the Ozarks, Shannon Co., July 6, 1890 
(B. F. Bush, no. 42): essentially the same plant collected in western 
South Dakota, Sept., 1892 (D. Griffiths). 
++ ++ Heads ovate-lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate; the acute or merely bluntish 
scales more sprea ing. 
E. monticola. — Figs. 45 to 50. — Culms erect, 1 to 2.5 dm. high: 
heads 6 to 9 mm. long, 2 to 8.5 mm. broad: scales chestnut-brown oF 
purplish with paler midribs and margins: achenes and tubercles resem 
bling those of H. Hngelmanni ; the bristles equalling or slightly exceed- 
ing the achene.— ZH. obtusa, Watson, Bot. Calif. ii. 222 (as to Plumas 
County and Oregon plants), not Schultes. Z. ovata, var. Engelmann, 
Britton, Jour. N. Y. Microsc. Soc. v. 103, in part (as to Lemmon speci 
men). — Plumas County, California, 1876 (Mrs. Mary E. Pulsifer Ames); 
northern Sierra Nevada of California (J. G. Lemmon, no. 489); Mult- 
nomah County, Oregon (Howell, no. 408). Distinguished from the 
more eastern and southern 2. Engelmanni principally by its more ovoid 
darker heads, and less appressed acutish scales, and like the latter species 
losing the elongated setulose portions of its bristles in : 
Var. leviseta. — Figs. 51, 52. — Bristles represented only by their 
short naked bases. — In muddy places, valley of Cur d’Alene River, 
Kootenai County, Idaho, July 14, 1892 (Sandberg, MacDougal & Heller, 
no. 649); and in a muddy place west of Killarney, Manitoba, Aug: 1, 
1896 (John Macoun, no. 16365). 
+ + Tubercle distinctly narrower than the achene. 
EB. pranpra, Chas. Wright. — Figs. 53 to 58. — Culms slender, erect, 
2 or 3 dm. high: heads ovoid, obtuse or acutish, 4 to 6.5 mm. long, 2 
_ 8.5 mm. wide: the small pale brown ovate or oblong-ovate scales acutish 
or blunt, ascending but scarcely appressed: achenes small, broadly obovate 
_ or inverted pyriform, capped by a compressed tubercle resembling that 
