FERNALD, — CARICES OF SECTION HYPARRHENAE. 481 
Geol. Surv. Can. no. 16, 536): British Co_tumpia, Beaver Creek, 
Selkirk Mts., July 138, 1885 (no. 10,797) ; Kicking Horse Lake, Aug. 
11, 1890 (no. 30,603); Revelstoke, May 19, 1890 (no. 30,604) —J. 
Macoun, Herb. Geol. Surv. Can. 
2. Spike dense and stiff, erect ; spikelets full and rounded at base, mostly 
approximate: achene 2 (1.8 to 21) mm. broad 
22, C. apusta, Boott. — Figs. 67 to 69.— Culms smooth, stiffly 
erect, 2 to 8 dm. high: leaves usually shorter, 2 to 5 mm. broad: spike 
‘ovoid to cylindric, usually subtended by a stiff rather prominent bract, of 
3 to 15 simple or compound spikelets 6 to 12 mm, long: perigynia 4 to 
5mm. long, 2 to 3 mm. broad. — Boott in Hook, Fl. Bor.-Am. ii. 219, 
& Ill. iii. 119, in part, t. 879; Bailey Mem. Torr, Cl. i. 24, & in Gray, 
Man, ed. 6, 621; Britton, L c. 357, fig. 866. C. albolutescens, var. 
glomerata, Olney, Exsice. fasc. v. no. 10. ©. adusta, var. glomerata, 
Bailey, Carex Cat. 2, Bot. Gaz. ix. 139, & Proc. Am. Acad. xxii, 149. 
C. pinguts, Bailey, Bull. iii. Geol. and Nat. Hist. Surv. Minn. 22; 
Macoun, 1. c. 129. Dry woods, rocky banks and recent clearings, 
NEWFOUNDLAND to Mount Desert Island, Marne, west to Minnesota, 
Assinipora, SASKATCHEWAN, and KeewaTIn. June—Sept. 
§§$ CyrprroipEaAk. Bracts leaf-like and much prolonged, forming a 
conspicuous involucre. 
23. C. sycHNocePHALA, Carey. — Figs. 70, 71.— Culms smooth, 2 
to 6 dm, high: leaves soft, ascending, 2 to 4 mm. wide; bracts unequal, 
the lowest longest, 1 to 2 dm. long: spikelets 4 to 10, oblong, 8 to 15 mm. 
long, forming a dense ovoid or oblong spike: perigynia lance-subulate, 
5 mm. long, barely 1 mm, wide, firm, slightly nerved or nerveless, — 
Am. Jour. Sci. Ser. 2, iv. 24, & in Gray, Man. 545; Boott, Ill. i. 46, 
t. 118; Bailey, Proc. Am. Acad. xxii. 153; Macoun, I. c. 121; Britton, 
l. c. 360, fig. 875; Howe, 1. c. 46; Cratty, Bull. Lab. Nat. Hist. 
Univ. Ta., iv. 363, t 9. ©. eyperoides, Dewey, Am. Jour. Sci. Ser. 2, 
iii. 171, not L. — Meadows, ditches, and wet sandy soil, locally from 
central New York to the Ottawa River (CanapA), Iowa, SasKaTcu- 
EWAN, and British CoLtumBia. July, Aug. 
Astrostachyae, Holm. Mbonoecious or dioecious, the spikelets 
often purely staminate or purely pistillate, or with the flowers variously 
mixed. Bract not sheathing, if present short and filiform.  Perigynia 
horizontally spreading or reflexed at maturity, spongy at base, glabrous, 
nervose, distinctly pointed or beaked, with thin margins and bidentate 
apex, 
VOL. xxxvir.— 31 
