FERNALD. — VARIATIONS OF BOREAL CARICES. 495 
leaves: the globose or ovoid spikelets 4 to 8 mm. long: perigynia 2.5 to 
3.5 mm. long, 1.2 to 1.7 mm. broad, brown tinged, mostly exceeding the 
ovate blunt scales. —Ehrh. in L. f. Suppl. 414; Wahlenb. Kongl. Vet. 
Acad. Handl. xxiv. 146, & Fl. Lapp. 230; Schkuhr, Riedgr. 51, t. Ii, 
fig. 97; Hoppe & Sturm, Car. Germ. t. 6; Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. ii. 214; 
Reichenb. Ic. Fl. Germ. viii. t. 204, fig. 542; Anders. Cyp. Scand. 62, 
t. 4, fig. 830; Boott, Ill. iv. 152, t. 489; Fl. Dan. Suppl. t. 31; Bailey, 
Proc. Am. Acad. xxii. 145; Macoun, 1. c. 127; Britton, 1. c. 352, fig. 
Bc OG leporina, Schkuhr, Riedgr. Nacht. t. Fi, fig. 129, not L.  C. 
Carltonia, Dewey, Am. Jour. Sci. xxvii. 238, t. U. fig. 64; Torr. 1. ¢. 
393. C. marina, Dewey, 1. c. xxix. 247, t. X, fig. 74; Torr. 1. c.— 
Bogs and mossy places, arctic and alpine Europe. Very locally in 
America: examined from the following stations: — Keewatin, York 
Factory (Sir John Richardson): SaskatTcHEwAN, Norway House and 
Carlton House (Richardson): AtBerta, Lake Louise (Ezra Brainerd, 
no. 172): Brrirish Cotumsra, Glacier (Zzra Brainerd); Kicking 
Horse Lake (J. Macoun, hb. Geol. Surv. Can. nos. 28; 49; 30,410; 
30,411; 30,412). July, Aug. 
IIl.—THE VARIATIONS OF SOME BOREAL CARICES. 
CAREX AQUATILIS. 
~C. aquatiuis, Wahlenb., Kongl. Acad. Handl. xxiv. 165.— Plants 3 to 
9 dm. high ; leaves 4 to7 mm. broad: spikelets? slender ; the pistillate 1.5 
to 5.5 em. long, 3 to 4.5,mm. thick, the lowermost often long-attenuated 
and remotely flowered at base: scales dark, subacute, hardly equal- 
ling or barely exceeding the perigynia. — Northern Evrorr, GREEN- 
LAND. In North America from the Shickshock Mts., Gaspé, QUEBEC, 
1 The inflorescences of Carex are simple or compound spikes, racemes, or pani- 
cles ; and, since in other genera of Cyperaceae, as Cyperus and Scirpus, the ultimate 
Spicate divisions of the inflorescence are called spikelets, that term is here adopted 
for the sake of uniformity and clearness, for these ultimate spicate divisions of 
the inflorescence of Carex. The species in which there is a solitary simple in- 
florescence (or true spike), as C. gynocrates and C. evilis, are few in comparison 
with those in which the inflorescence has more than one such division. From the 
occurrence in those plants, however, of occasional secondary divisions of the in- 
florescence, the term spikelet seems not inappropriate to the normal inflorescence 
of such species. 
, 
