FERNALD, — VARIATIONS OF BOREAL CARICES, 507 
The most marked tendencies of C. wmbellata are 
C. umBELLata, Schkuhr, Riedgr. Nachtr. 75, t. Www, fig. 171 (C. 
umbellata, var. vicina, Dewey, Am. Jour. Sci. xi. 317 & x. t. D, fig. 13). 
Low and conspicuously caespitose, forming dense mats: leaves rather stiff, 
0.5 to 4.5 dm. long, 1 to 4.5 mm. wide: culms mostly very short and 
crowded at the base of the leaves, or some elongated, rarely even to 2 dm., 
and bearing both staminate and pistillate, or staminate spikelets alone: 
pistillate spikelets 1 to 4, ovoid or oblong, 0.5 to 1 em. long, sessile or 
on short or occasionally elongate-capillary peduncles: perigynia plump, 
stipitate or substipitate, puberulent, 3.2 to 4.7 mm. long; the slender 
beak nearly or quite as long as the ellipsoid-ovoid to subglobose or pyri- 
form body, and about equalled by the ovate acuminate green or purple- 
tinged scale: staminate spikelets subsessile or peduncled, 6 to 12 mm. 
long.— Dry sandy or rocky places, Prince Epwarp Istanp to 
central Maine, west to SASKATCHEWAN and British Co.Lumpsta, 
and south to New Jersey, District or CotumpBtia, and InpDIAN 
TERRITORY. 
Var. tonsa. Similar, but with the perigynia glabrous or merely 
puberulent on the angles of the long beak.— Marner, Streaked Mt., 
Hebron, June 2, 1897 (J. A. Allen): Connecticut, rocky wooded 
slope of Lantern Hill, North Stonington, May 30, 1901 (C. B. Graves). 
A plant with identical glabrous perigynia is figured in Boott, IU. ii. 
t. 293, from specimens collected at Methy Portage, AtHaBasca, by Sir 
John Richardson. This and the New England plant represent a tend- 
ency unusual in the Montanae. 
Var. BREVIROSTRIS, Boott, Ill. ii. 99, t. 294. Perigynia rather 
smaller, the broad beak short, about one-third as long as the plump short- 
hairy body.— The commonest form from SASKATCHEWAN to VANCOU- 
VER IsLanp, south in the mountains to CALIFORNIA and New Mexico: 
also Marne, Fort Kent, Ashland, Masardis, Island Falls and Foxcroft 
M. L. Fernald, nos. 2111, 2112, 2118, 2114, 2115); summit of Sargent 
Mt., Mount Desert Island (Z. & C. E. Faxon): New Hamesuire, 
Mt. Willard, and Bald Mt., Franconia (Z. & C. #. Faxon). 
CAREX VAGINATA and C. SALTUENSIS. 
C. vacinata, Tausch, Flora (1821) 557 (C. vaginata, var. alto-caulis, 
Dewey, Am. Jour. Sci., Ser. 2, xli. 227. C. saltuensis, Bailey, Mem. 
Torr. Clk. 7.¢, altocaulis, Britton, in Britton & Brown, Ill. FI. i. 326, 
fig. 773). The American plant was long considered by Francis Boott 
